WEIGHT OF THE CASTINGS ACCUMULATED AT THE MOUTH OF A SINGLE BURROW. (1.) Down, Kent (sub-soil red clay, full of flints, 3.98 over-lying the chalk). The largest casting which I could find on the flanks of a steep valley, the sub-soil being here shallow. In this one case, the casting was not well dried (2.) Down.—Largest casting which I could find (consisting 3.87 chiefly of calcareous matter), on extremely poor pasture land at the bottom of the valley mentioned under (1.) (3.) Down.—A large casting, but not of unusual size, from 1.22 a nearly level field, poor pasture, laid down in a grass about 35 years before (4.) Down. Average weight of 11 not large castings 0.7 ejected on a sloping surface on my lawn, after they had suffered some loss of weight from being exposed during a considerable length of time to rain (5.) Near Nice in France.—Average weight of 12 castings of 1.37 ordinary dimensions, collected by Dr. King on land which had not been mown for a long time and where worms abounded, viz., a lawn protected by shrubberies near the sea; soil sandy and calcareous; these castings had been exposed for some time to rain, before being collected, and must have lost some weight by disintegration, but they still retained their form (6.) The heaviest of the above twelve castings 1.76 (7.) Lower Bengal.—Average weight of 22 castings, 1.24 collected by Mr. J. Scott, and stated by him to have been thrown up in the course of one or two nights (8.) The heaviest of the above 22 castings 2.09 (9.) Nilgiri Mountains, S. India; average weight of the 5 3.15 largest castings collected by Dr. King. They had been exposed to the rain of the last monsoon, and must have lost some weight (10.) The heaviest of the above 5 castings 4.34 In this table we see that castings which had been ejected at the mouth of the same burrow, and which in most cases appeared fresh and always retained their vermiform configuration, generally exceeded an ounce in weight after being dried, and sometimes nearly equalled a quarter of a pound. On the Nilgiri mountains one casting even exceeded this latter weight. The largest castings in England were found on extremely poor pasture-land; and these, as far as I have seen, are generally larger than those on land producing a rich vegetation. It would appear that worms have to swallow a greater amount of earth on poor than on rich land, in order to obtain sufficient nutriment.