Nor do the physicists wait to study a phenomenon until some urgent need
of material life has made it a necessity for them; and they are right.
If the scientists of the eighteenth century had neglected electricity as
being in their eyes only a curiosity without practical interest, we
should have had in the twentieth century neither telegraphy, nor
electro-chemistry, nor electro-technics. The physicists, compelled to
choose, are therefore not guided in their choice solely by utility. How
then do they choose between the facts of nature? We have explained it in
the preceding chapter: the facts which interest them are those capable
of leading to the discovery of a law, and so they are analogous to many
other facts which do not seem to us isolated, but closely grouped with
others. The isolated fact attracts all eyes, those of the layman as well
as of the scientist. But what the genuine physicist alone knows how to
see, is the bond which unites many facts whose analogy is profound but
hidden. The story of Newton's apple is probably not true, but it is
symbolic; let us speak of it then as if it were true. Well then, we must
believe that before Newton plenty of men had seen apples fall; not one
knew how to conclude anything therefrom. Facts would be sterile were
there not minds capable of choosing among them, discerning those behind
which something was hidden, and of recognizing what is hiding, minds
which under the crude fact perceive the soul of the fact.
We find just the same thing in mathematics. From the varied elements at
our disposal we can get millions of different combinations; but one of
these combinations, in so far as it is isolated, is absolutely void of
value. Often we have taken great pains to construct it, but it serves no
purpose, if not perhaps to furnish a task in secondary education. Quite
otherwise will it be when this combination shall find place in a class
of analogous combinations and we shall have noticed this analogy. We are
no longer in the presence of a fact, but of a law. And upon that day the
real discoverer will not be the workman who shall have patiently built
up certain of these combinations; it will be he who brings to light
their kinship. The first will have seen merely the crude fact, only the
other will have perceived the soul of the fact. Often to fix this
kinship it suffices him to make a new word, and this word is creative.
The history of science furnishes us a crowd of examples familiar to all.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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