The Foundations of the Origin of Species: Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844Darwin, Charles
Philosophy
The Foundations of the Origin of Species: Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844
Darwin, Charles
Evolution (Biology); Natural selection
{442} In a corresponding passage in the _Origin_, Ed. i. p. 423,
vi. p. 579, the author makes use of his knowledge of pigeons. The
pseudo-genera among dogs are discussed in _Var. under Dom._, Ed.
ii. vol. I. p. 38.
{443} _Origin_, Ed. i. pp. 419, 427, vi. pp. 575, 582.
{444} _Origin_, Ed. i. pp. 423, 427, vi. pp. 579, 583.
{445} _Origin_, Ed. i. p. 423, vi. p. 579.
I think it cannot be doubted that the main cause of all the varieties
which have descended from the aboriginal dog or dogs, or from the
aboriginal wild cabbage, not being equally like or unlike--but on the
contrary, obviously falling into groups and sub-groups--must in chief
part be attributed to different degrees of true relationship; for
instance, that the different kinds of blood-hound have descended from
one stock, whilst the harriers have descended from another stock, and
that both these have descended from a different stock from that which
has been the parent of the several kinds of greyhound. We often hear of
a florist having some choice variety and breeding from it a whole group
of sub-varieties more or less characterised by the peculiarities of the
parent. The case of the peach and nectarine, each with their many
varieties, might have been introduced. No doubt the relationship of our
different domestic breeds has been obscured in an extreme degree by
their crossing; and likewise from the slight difference between many
breeds it has probably often happened that a "sport" from one breed has
less closely resembled its parent breed than some other breed, and has
therefore been classed with the latter. Moreover the effects of a
similar climate{446} may in some cases have more than counterbalanced
the similarity, consequent on a common descent, though I should think
the similarity of the breeds of cattle of India or sheep of Siberia was
far more probably due to the community of their descent than to the
effects of climate on animals descended from different stocks.
{446} A general statement of the influence of conditions on
variation occurs in the _Origin_, Ed. i. pp. 131-3, vi. pp. 164-5.
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