New England -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
In this connection, Winthrop wrote bitterly to Lord Say, complaining of
his efforts to induce settlers to go out from England to the Caribbean
instead of to New England. To this, Say made a long reply, rebuking the
authorities in the colony for their misuse of Scripture texts to further
their own views, and ended with the admonition that “for what you say of
the church not compatable with another frame of government, I pray putt
away that error ... the church beinge wholly spirritual, can subsist
with any forme of outward government.”[543]
Footnote 543:
_Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll._, Series V, vol. I, p. 302; J. Winthrop,
_History_, vol. I, pp. 399 _f._
Not only, however, did immigration to Massachusetts stop, but there
threatened to be an emigration from that colony to the English leaders'
Caribbean settlement. John Humphrey, one of the most influential of the
original planters, who had not prospered in the Bay, was made Governor
of the West Indian Puritan settlements, and, in 1641, sailed thither
with several hundred Massachusetts people.[544] Many others removed to
other colonies, and Winthrop relates, with evident relish, the
misfortunes which befell them as God's judgment upon them for
leaving.[545] That the influences checking the growth of Massachusetts
were not wholly due to general conditions is indicated also by the fact
that, while her population, in the next two decades, was considerably
less than doubled, that of New Hampshire was nearly tripled, Rhode
Island increased five-fold, and Connecticut four-fold.[546] The actual
numbers are even more striking than the percentages. Massachusetts,
starting the period with fourteen thousand, added less than ten
thousand, while the other three, beginning with but three thousand,
added nearly nine thousand. Connecticut's growth, moreover, was made in
spite of the fact that apparently Massachusetts made even greater
efforts to divert emigrants from that colony than were being made in
England to divert them from herself; so that Hooker, in complaining of
the methods employed by her citizens, was forced to write to Winthrop,
that “such impudent forgery is scant found in hell.”[547]
Footnote 544:
_Manchester Papers_, p. 424, cited by Newton, _Puritan Colonisation_,
p. 292; J. Winthrop, _History_, vol. II, p. 15. There was also some
movement the other way: 1200 persons are said to have gone from
Barbadoes to New England from 1643 to 1647. _Cal. State Pap., Col.,
1661-68_, p. 529.
Footnote 545:
J. Winthrop, _History_, vol. II, pp. 103 _ff._, 113, 156.
Footnote 546:
_Century of Population_, p. 9.
Footnote 547:
Letter in _Connecticut Historical Society Collections_, vol. I, pp. 4
_ff._
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