New England -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
The significance of the attack by the English was not lost upon the
young Biencourt, who “represented very earnestly” to his people how
important it was to “every good Frenchman” to prevent this usurpation by
the English of lands claimed by France, and occupied by her citizens
“who had taken real possession ... three and four years before ever the
English had set forth”—which was quite true in so far as related to
colonizing. In August, Biencourt made a trip along the shore of Maine,
stopping at St. Croix Island, where Plastrier had decided to spend the
winter, and thence down to the Kennebec, where he inspected the
abandoned site of the Popham colony, and made a careful examination of
the coast. At the island of Matinicus, where the attack on Plastrier had
taken place, he found some Englishmen fishing; but although he was urged
by some of his party to burn their ships, he would not do so, as they
were peaceful civilians, and contented himself with erecting a large
cross with the arms of France.[123]
Footnote 123:
Brown, _Genesis_, pp. 534 _f._
A couple of years later, under the more aggressive régime of Madame de
Guercheville and the Jesuits, an extension of French settlement toward
the south was attempted by the founding of a colony on Mt. Desert, which
was named St. Sauveur.[124] It was not, however, to remain undisturbed
for many weeks, for at a meeting of the Quarter Court of the Virginia
Company in London, in July, 1612, Captain Argall had been commissioned
to drive out foreign intruders from the country claimed under English
charters, and had sailed from England for that purpose.[125] After
wintering in Virginia, he proceeded northward the following summer, to
clear the territory as far as 45°, and promptly ran across the newly
established Jesuits on the Maine coast, being guided to them by Indians,
who were under the mistaken impression that the English were
friends.[126] The French, being taken wholly unaware, made practically
no resistance, the only one among their number who had presence of mind
enough even to fire their cannon, having forgotten to aim it. Argall
easily overcame such opposition, and having obtained possession of La
Saussaye's commission from the French King, proceeded to break up the
colony and dispose of his prisoners.[127] Fifteen of them, including
Biard and another of the Jesuit fathers, were taken back as captives to
Virginia, and the remaining thirty, in two small boats, allowed to take
their perilous way to rejoin their countrymen to the northward.
Footnote 124:
_Cf._ E. C. Cummings, “Father Biard's Relation of 1616”; paper read
before the Maine Historical Society, in 1893; _Proceedings_, pp.
11-18. Biard's account, from the Jesuit Relations, is reprinted by C.
H. Levermore, _Forerunners and Competitors of the Pilgrims and
Puritans_ (Brooklyn, 1912), vol. II, pp. 446, 522.
Footnote 125:
Brown, _First Republic_, p. 176; _Genesis_, pp. 709-23.
Footnote 126:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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