First of all, I find that the ordinary intuition of any simple object
is extremely imperfect. Take a block of differently marked cubes, for
instance, and become acquainted with them in their positions. You may
think you know them quite well, but when you turn them round—rotate
the block round a diagonal, for instance—you will find that you have
lost track of the individuals in their new positions. You can mentally
construct the block in its new position, by a rule, by taking the
remembered sequences, but you don’t know it intuitively. By observation
of a block of cubes in various positions, and very expeditiously
by a use of Space names applied to the cubes in their different
presentations, it is possible to get an intuitive knowledge of the
block of cubes, which is not disturbed by any displacement. Now, with
regard to this intuition, we moderns would say that I had formed it by
my tactual visual experiences (aided by hereditary pre-disposition).
Plato would say that the soul had been stimulated to recognise an
instance of shape which it knew. Plato would consider the operation
of learning merely as a stimulus; we as completely accounting for
the result. The latter is the more common-sense view. But, on the
other hand, it presupposes the generation of experience from physical
changes. The world of sentient experience, according to the modern
view, is closed and limited; only the physical world is ample and large
and of ever-to-be-discovered complexity. Plato’s world of soul, on the
other hand, is at least as large and ample as the world of things.
Let us now try a crucial experiment. Can I form an intuition of a
four-dimensional object? Such an object is not given in the physical
range of my sense contacts. All I can do is to present to myself the
sequences of solids, which would mean the presentation to me under my
conditions of a four-dimensional object. All I can do is to visualise
and tactualise different series of solids which are alternative sets of
sectional views of a four-dimensional shape.
If now, on presenting these sequences, I find a power in me of
intuitively passing from one of these sets of sequences to another, of,
being given one, intuitively constructing another, not using a rule,
but directly apprehending it, then I have found a new fact about my
soul, that it has a four-dimensional experience; I have observed it by
a function it has.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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