From this square, let it be supposed that that direction in which the
figures are represented runs to the left hand. Thus we have a cube (1)
running from the square above, in which the square itself is hidden,
but the letters A, E, I, O, of the conclusion are seen. In this cube
we have the minor premiss and the conclusion in all their moods, and
all the figures represented. With regard to the major premiss, since
the face (2) belongs to the first wall from the left in the original
arrangement, and in this arrangement was characterised by the major
premiss in the mood A, we may say that the whole of the cube we now
have put up represents the mood A of the major premiss.
[Illustration: Fig. 55.]
Hence the small cube at the bottom to the right in 1, nearest to the
spectator, is major premiss, mood A; minor premiss, mood A; conclusion,
mood A; and figure the first. The cube next to it, running to the left,
is major premiss, mood A; minor premiss, mood A; conclusion, mood A;
figure 2.
So in this cube we have the representations of all the combinations
which can occur when the major premiss, remaining in the mood A, the
minor premiss, the conclusion, and the figures pass through their
varieties.
In this case there is no room in space for a natural representation of
the moods of the major premiss. To represent them we must suppose as
before that there is a fourth dimension, and starting from this cube as
base in the fourth direction in four equal stages, all the first volume
corresponds to major premiss A, the second to major premiss, mood E,
the next to the mood I, and the last to mood O.
The cube we see is as it were merely a tray against which the
four-dimensional figure rests. Its section at any stage is a cube. But
a transition in this direction being transverse to the whole of our
space is represented by no space motion. We can exhibit successive
stages of the result of transference of the cube in that direction, but
cannot exhibit the product of a transference, however small, in that
direction.
[Illustration: Fig. 56.]
To return to the original method of representing our variables,
consider fig. 56. These four cubes represent four sections of the
figure derived from the first of them by moving it in the fourth
dimension. The first portion of the motion, which begins with 1, traces
out a more than solid body, which is all in the first figure. The
beginning of this body is shown in 1. The next portion of the motion
traces out a more than solid body, all of which is in the second
figure; the beginning of this body is shown in 2; 3 and 4 follow on in
like manner. Here, then, in one four-dimensional figure we have all
the combinations of the four variables, major premiss, minor premiss,
figure, conclusion, represented, each variable going through its four
varieties. The disconnected cubes drawn are our representation in space
by means of disconnected sections of this higher body.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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