Leopold II. the Emperor, is urged by the Queen to intervene in France, 94; concludes the treaty of Reichenbach, 97; concludes the treaty of Sistova, 98; refuses to help Louis, 99; seeks to avoid war, 103; claims a right of interference in France, 104; death of, 105 Levy _en masse_, 170 Longwy, siege of, 121 Louis XIV., monarchy of, 2 Louis XV., misgovernment of, 3 Louis XVI., accession of, 18; character of, 19; takes part in the American war, 25; design of, in summoning the States General, 32; opens the States General, 33; weakness of his position, 34; attempts to hinder the fusion of the orders, 39; dismisses Necker, 44; visits Paris after the capture of the Bastille, 47; idea of retreating to Metz, considered by, 60; is brought to Paris, 62; swears to maintain the Constitution, 70; appoints reactionary ministers, 81; refuses to be guided by Mirabeau, 83; dislikes the civil constitution of the clergy, 86; desires that the constitution may fail, 87; attempts flight, 88; is stopped at Varennes, 89; his deposition proposed and rejected, 90; accepts the constitution, 93; deception practised by him, 93; hopes that the allies will reach Paris, 105; refuses to sanction a decree against the nonjurors, 111; refuses to sanction a decree for the meeting of Volunteers at Paris, and dismisses the Girondist ministers, 112; is visited by the mob, 113; is driven from the Tuileries and suspended, 117; causes of the fall of, 118; trial of, 139 Lyons, royalist insurrection at, 157; surrender of, 181; vengeance taken on, 186 Mainz, surrender to the French, 130; is retaken by Brunswick, 161 Malouet, 52 Marat, political opinions of, 78; attacks the Girondists, 109; takes part in the September massacres, 122; acquittal of, 145; assassination of, 163 Marie Antoinette, character of, 20; urges the King to hinder the fusion of the orders, 39; distrusts Mirabeau, 57; appears at a military banquet at Versailles, 61; is brought to Paris, 62; becomes unpopular, 86; effect of her counsels on her husband, 87; urges the King to fly, 88; is arrested at Varennes, 89; urges the Emperor to intervene, 94; refuses the help of the constitutionalists and the emigrants, 95; is threatened by the mob, 113; refuses to be saved by Lafayette, 114; execution of, 177 Marseillaise, the, 116 Maury, the Abbé, defends the clergy, 51 Maximum laws, the, enacted, 171; difficulty of enforcing, 175; re-enacted in a new form, 203; cease to be observed, 224; are repealed, 225 Merlin of Douai, 53