[Footnote 2334: Constant, "Histoire d'un Club Jacobin en Province" (Fontainebleau) p.15. (Procés-verbaux of the founding of the clubs of Moret, Thomery, Nemours, and Montereau.)] [Footnote 2335: Later to change and become socialist and communist parties everywhere. (SR.)] [Footnote 2336: Cf. The Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776 (except the first phrase, which is a catchword thrown out for the European philosophers).--Jefferson proposed a Declaration of Rights for the Constitution of March 4, 1789, but it was refused. They were content to add to it the eleven amendments which set forth the fundamental rights of the citizen.] [Footnote 2337: Article I. "Men are born and remain free and equal in rights common to all. Social distinctions are founded solely on public utility." The first phrase condemns the hereditary royalty which is sanctioned by the Constitution. The second phrase can be used to legitimate hereditary monarchy and an aristocracy.--Articles 10 and 11 bear upon the manifestations of religious convictions and on freedom of speech and of the press. By virtue of these two articles worship, speech, and the press may be made subject to the most repressive restrictions, etc.] [Footnote 2338: The International Bill of Human Rights of 1948 is quite different from the one approved in 1789. In 1948 there is no more any mention of any "right to resistance to oppression", there is a softening of the position on the right of property and new rights, to free education, to a country, to rest and leisure, to a high standard of health and to an adequate standard of living have been introduced. (SR.)] [Footnote 2339: Stalin and his successors organized such a system of "clubs" world-wide which even today remain active as "protectors" of the environment, refugees, prisoners, animals and the environment. (SR.)] [Footnote 2340: Buchez and Roux, XI. 237. (Speech by Malouet in relation to the revision, August 5, 1791.) "You constantly tempt the people with sovereignty without giving them the immediate use of it."] [Footnote 2341: Decrees of September 25--October 6, 1791; September 28--October 6, 1791.] [Footnote 2342: Impartial contemporaries, those well qualified to judge, agree as to the absurdity of the Constitution. "The Constitution was a veritable monster. There was too much of monarchy in it for a republic, and too much of a republic for a monarchy. The King was a side-dish, un hors d'oeuvre, everywhere present in appearance but without any actual power." (Dumont, 339.) "It is a general and almost universal conviction that this Constitution is inexecutable. The makers of it to a man condemn it." (G. Morris, September 30, 1791.) "Every day proves more clearly that their new Constitution is good for nothing." (ibid. December 27, 1791.) Cf. The sensible and prophetic speech made by Malouet (August 5, 1791, Buchez and Roux, XI. 237).]