Egleston, Melville, 55 Eliot, C. W., on corporation, 265; on democracy and slavery, 256 Emerson, R. W., 353; on Lincoln, 256 England, decrease of dependence on, 23; Mississippi Valley and, 180, 186; Old Northwest and, 131, 134 English pioneers, 270 English settlers in Michigan and Wisconsin, 226 English stock and English speech, 23 Equality, 274; New England, 61, 62, 63; Western settlers, 212 Erie Canal, 7, 136, 195, 197 Europe, American democracy and, 282; how America reacted on, 3; Southeastern, 294, 295, 316 Europeans, 267 Evolution, American, as key to history, 11 Expansion, 206, 219, 304, 345; Ohio Valley and, 166; world politics, 246 Experts, 284, 285, 286 "Fall line," 4, 9, 68; efforts to establish military frontier on, 84 Fairfax, Lord, 92, 123 Far East, 315 Far West, 315, 341 Farm lands, 297 Farm machinery, 276 Farmers, 238, 239 Farmer's frontier, 12, 16, 18 Federal colonial system, 168, 169 Federal Reserve districts, 322 Fertility, 129 Field, Marshall, 265 Finance, 318, 325; pioneer ideas, 148 Fire-arms and Indians, 13 Firmin, Giles, 56 Food supply, 279, 294, 314 Foreign parentage, Indiana and Illinois, 232; Michigan, 233; Western States, 237; Wisconsin, 233-234 Foreign policy, 168, 219 Forest Service, 320 Forest philosophy, 207 "Foresters," 63 Forests, 270, 293; Middle West, 130 Fortified houses, 71 Fourierists, 263 France, efforts to revive empire in America, 167; Middle West and, 131; Mississippi Valley and, 180, 186; western exploration, 163; Franchise, 249-250, 252 Franklin, Benjamin, Mississippi Valley and, 182; on the Germans, 109 Free Soil party, 141, 173, 217 French explorers, 163 French frontier, 125 French settlers in Michigan and Wisconsin, 226 Frontier, conservative attitude toward advance, 63; definition, 3, 41; demand for independent statehood, 248; efforts to check and restrict it, 33; evil effects, 32; extinction, 1, 9, 38, 39, 321; farmers, 239, 240; first official, 39, 54; French, 125; importance as a military training school, 15; influence toward democracy, 247, 249; kinds and modes of advance, 12; Massachusetts, 65; military, of Old West, 106-107; religious aspects, 36; Spanish, 125; towns in Massachusetts, 42, 45, 53, 70; various comparisons, 10 Frontiersmen, 206, 209, 212; in Congress, 252-253; Mississippi Valley, 182; Virginia idea, 86 Fulton, Robert, 171 Fur trade, 13; England after Revolution, 131; Hudson River, 80; Southern, Old West, 87 Gallatin, Albert, 191, 252, 317 Galveston, 202 Garfield, J. A., 241 Geographic factors, 329 Geographic provinces, 158 Georgia, 174, 196; restriction of land tenure, 97; settlement, 97 Germanic germs, 3, 4 Germans, 263; in New York in early times, 5; Middle West and, 137-138, 146; Palatine, 5, 82, 100, 109, 124; political exiles, 349; sectaries, 164; Wisconsin, 23, 227, 236; zone of settlement in Great Valley, 102