The Frozen North: An Account of Arctic Exploration for Use in SchoolsHorton, Edith
History
The Frozen North: An Account of Arctic Exploration for Use in Schools
Horton, Edith
Arctic regions
Then came the question of selecting the white men who were to accompany
him. The following were chosen: Captain Robert A. Bartlett, as master
of the _Roosevelt_; George A. Wardwell, chief engineer; Dr. J. W.
Goodsell, surgeon; Matthew A. Henson, Peary’s negro assistant, who had
been with him on many Arctic voyages, an excellent dog driver, and able
to manage a sledge nearly as well as the best Eskimo driver; Ross G.
Marvin of Cornell, Donald B. McMillan of Worcester, Mass., and George
Borup of Yale, as assistants.
On July 6, 1908, the expedition sailed from New York on the
_Roosevelt_, and July 17 from Sydney, Cape Breton. At the start, the
white members of the party numbered twenty-two, and at Etah Peary found
plenty of Eskimos willing to go with him.
These Eskimos, known as the Whale Sound Eskimos, are the most northerly
race known. They migrate along the coast from Cape York to Etah, and
are remarkable for their strength and endurance. From among them Peary
selected his company; here, also, he procured many fine dogs, without
whose help and service the Pole could not have been reached.
The _Roosevelt_ steamed northward from Etah, pushing her way through
the ice pack towards Cape Sheridan, on the northern coast of Grant
Land. During the trip the Eskimo men were put to work making sledges
and harness, and the women began to make winter garments for the men.
There was much sewing to be done, for the white men wore in winter just
the same kind of clothing that the Eskimos did.
McMillan, Borup, and Dr. Goodsell found amusement in watching the women
at their sewing. Sitting on the ground or whatever is nearest, they
take off their footgear and put out one foot. Then holding one end of
the material between their toes, using the foot as a third hand, they
sew the seam away from them, instead of toward them as our women do. It
looked odd enough, but the spectators had to admit that the work was
done well. The Eskimos sewed the furs and skins together so closely and
skillfully that the cold could not creep through.
These industrious women made stockings and mittens of fur, boots of
skins, trousers of skins of the polar bear, jackets of deer or fox
skin, and hoods of fur, finished around the face with thick rolls of
foxtails.
All were happy and comfortable for a while, but as they advanced the
ice became thicker and the ship was in great danger. It took all
Peary’s knowledge of the coast, and all Bartlett’s skill in navigation,
to keep the _Roosevelt_ from being crushed in the ice.
Every person on board, both whites and Eskimos, tied his most necessary
belongings into a bundle and stood ready to jump over the side of the
boat at a moment’s notice in case the ship should be destroyed. But
skill and perseverance conquered, and the _Roosevelt_ reached Cape
Sheridan in safety.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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