But the critic cannot always tell what the new "song is destined to, and
what the stars intend to do." It is now evident enough where the early
assailants of Wordsworth were mistaken; and yet which critic of to-day
would be sure of his ground in a similar case? For the faults of genius
are old, familiar, and easily to be discerned; while, on the other hand,
genius itself is always novel, and therefore may be easily mistaken. It
takes genius to recognize genius; and most of Wordsworth's critics were
not men of genius. Landor, who was one, made a wise remark upon this
point. He said, "To compositions of a new kind, like Wordsworth's, we
come without scales and weights, and without the means of making an
assay."
But by pointing out his faults, his critics did him and us a service;
and it was one by which the poet profited, as we have seen, in spite of
his independence.
Let us now look at some of Wordsworth's multiple readings, if we may
call them so--passages, namely, in which he has returned, year after
year, to certain peccant verses, changing them again and again in the
quest of adequate expression. After repeated experiments he sometimes
finds a reading to please himself; sometimes, having allowed a
provisional text to stand throughout many years, he discards it and
returns to the original form; and sometimes, again, he abandons a
passage entirely, after scarring it with a lifetime's emendations. Of
the first sort I will cite three readings of a stanza in "A Poet's
Epitaph." As first published in the "Lyrical Ballads" of 1800, the poem
contained this adjuration to the philosopher "wrapped in his sensual
fleece":
O turn aside, and take, I pray,
That he below may rest in peace,
Thy pin-point of a soul away!
Lamb did not like this; and he wrote to Wordsworth: "The 'Poet's
Epitaph' is disfigured, to my taste, by the coarse epithet of
'pin-point' in the sixth stanza." In the edition of 1815 the "coarse
epithet" disappears, and the passage is modified as follows:
----Take, I pray,
That he below may rest in peace,
That abject thing, thy soul, away!
The years that "bring the philosophic mind" did not, however, reconcile
Wordsworth with the particular "philosopher" here in question. (Sir
Humphrey Davy, as Crabb Robinson, if I am not mistaken, tells us). On
the contrary, the poet devised a still more injurious epithet for that
unhappy physicist; and the passage now reads:
----Take, I pray,...
Thy ever-dwindling soul away!
Another of these multiple corrections has attracted much notice; it
occurs in the successive descriptions of the craft wherein the "Blind
Highland Boy" went sailing. In the first edition of that poem Wordsworth
called it
A Household Tub, like one of those
Which women use to wash their clothes!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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