The geographical lore of the time of the Crusades : $b A study in the history of medieval science and tradition in Western EuropeWright, John Kirtland
History
The geographical lore of the time of the Crusades : $b A study in the history of medieval science and tradition in Western Europe
Wright, John Kirtland
Geography -- History; Geography, Medieval
Though the attempt has been made to identify the Christian potentate of
the legend with a chieftain of the Caucasus,[1328] the weight of
evidence would seem to favor belief that the story in its more specific
thirteenth-century form grew out of rumors of some Christian Mongol lord
of Central Asia.[1329] It is certain that the Nestorian form of
Christianity was strongly represented in Central Asia during this period
and that two powerful tribes of these distant regions, the Keraïts and
the Onguts, formed outposts of this faith. But, as Pelliot writes,
“whatever may have been the origin of the famous legend of Prester
John, ... it was to a prince of the Keraïts that the tradition was
applied during the first half of the thirteenth century. All the Keraïts
spoken of in the history of the Mongol dynasty seem to have been
Christians; in any case this is true of the majority of them. In fact it
was through marriage with Keraït princesses that Christianity penetrated
even into the family of Jenghiz Khan.”[1330] Many of these Asiatic
Christians bore Christian names preserved in Chinese forms, such as
Yao-su-mu for Joseph or K’wo-li-ki-ssö for George.[1331] We learn from
Marco Polo and other thirteenth-century travelers that Mongol princes
often submitted to baptism, though this was probably done out of
indifference to religion rather than as the expression of any
deep-seated convictions.
On such slender foundations as the report in Otto’s _Chronicon_ or the
anonymous account of the visit of the Patriarch John to Rome or on other
rumors of events in the heart of Asia of which no record has been
preserved, there was erected an elaborate, detailed, and wholly fanciful
series of descriptions of Prester John and his realm, embellished by
borrowings from the Romance of Alexander, from the legend of St. Thomas,
and from that world of fable which constituted the medieval European
conception of the Orient.
_Prester John’s Kingdom As Described in His “Letter”_
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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