The geographical lore of the time of the Crusades : $b A study in the history of medieval science and tradition in Western EuropeWright, John Kirtland
History
The geographical lore of the time of the Crusades : $b A study in the history of medieval science and tradition in Western Europe
Wright, John Kirtland
Geography -- History; Geography, Medieval
The most widely read book of this nature was the _De imagine mundi_,
which dates from about 1100. Though this has often been attributed in
recent years to Honorius of Autun (it has also been ascribed to St.
Anselm and with far greater probability to an unknown Honorius
Inclusus), the evidence at hand is insufficient to warrant us in coming
to any definite conclusions on the vexed question of its
authorship.[442] The general character of the compilation is illustrated
by a remark at the close of the dedicatory letter: “I place nothing in
this work except that which is approved by the best authorities.”[443]
The main source of the geographical chapters was the _Etymologiae_ of
Isidore, though the author also drew directly from Orosius.[444] It
seems likely, indeed, that the geographical chapter of Orosius served as
a basis for the entire compilation and provided an outline which was
embellished by copious excerpts of detail from the more elaborate
writings of Isidore, Augustine, and Bede. Furthermore, it is even
probable that the unknown author had a map before him.[445] He appears
to have borrowed directly from the _Collectanea rerum memorabilium_ of
Solinus his account of the marvels of India, though elsewhere he taps
Solinus at second hand through the medium of Isidore.[446]
LAMBERT’S “LIBER FLORIDUS;” GUIDO’S ENCYCLOPEDIA
Dating from approximately the same period is a similar work, the _Liber
floridus_ of Lambert. Practically all we know of the author is that he
was a canon of St. Omer early in the twelfth century.[447] His book, a
hodgepodge of notices, geographical and otherwise, from Isidore, Bede,
Martianus Capella, Raban Maur, and others, though it did not enjoy
popularity comparable to that of the _De imagine mundi_, nevertheless by
no means lapsed into obscurity during the centuries that followed. There
are at least eight manuscripts of it preserved in the libraries of
Europe, and it was referred to with high praise by writers of the
thirteenth century.[448] The manuscripts are illustrated by crude maps,
among the few remaining relics of twelfth-century cartography.
Of much the same nature is an encyclopedic compilation made by a certain
Guido, probably an Italian, in 1119.[449] It contains excerpts from a
variety of sources, including Isidore, the Romance of Alexander, Paul
the Deacon, and, more especially, the anonymous Ravenna geographer.
“LUCIDARIUS”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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