The geography and geology of south-eastern EgyptBall, John
Science
The geography and geology of south-eastern Egypt
Ball, John
Geology -- Egypt; Physical geography -- Egypt
South of Wadi Baaneit the plain is crossed by many drainage channels
coursing north-east to join Wadi Shab, and the plain is covered here
with quite a park-like growth of acacia trees. The principal channel,
which comes from the hills about four kilometres south Bir Baaneit,
is called =Wadi Kilanai=.
A little south of Wadi Kilanai the plain cuts far back to the west,
and the drainage entering this portion comes from the heart of the
Gerf mountains to the north-west. A large isolated granite hill-mass
called Kilia Arib and numerous smaller hills break the monotony
of the plain and cause much branching and looping of the drainage
channels. The principal artery draining the south parts of Gebel
Gerf is the =Wadi Diqdib=, which originates on the south flanks of
the highest peaks, right in the heart of the mountain mass. In one
of the heads is a well called =Bir Diqdib=, which, though of great
service to the Koatil Arabs who inhabit this district with their
camels and other animals, is of little importance to the traveller
because of its situation in a closed-in wadi and thus not being on any
route. From its head, Wadi Diqdib courses south-westward for fifteen
kilometres or more among the mountains, receiving many feeders, before
it emerges on to the plain. On leaving the mountains it splits up,
part of its drainage going round by the north side of Kilia Arib, and
part by the south, in each case by a number of anastomosing channels.
The =Wadi Um Saha= drains the hills south-west of Bir Baaneit, and
after coursing southwards among the mountains turns the corner and
runs north-east across the plain to Wadi Shab.
=Wadi Sherefa el Sharqi=, which drains the south portion of the
Gerf _massif_ and the north-east flanks of Gebel Dreb, heads in the
important Sherefa pass, 807 metres above sea-level, and forming the
direct route from Gebel Hamra Dom and Gebel Um Rasein to Bir Sararat
Seyet by way of Wadi Sherefa el Gharbi. The pass is a fairly easy
one, though the fall is rapid, especially on the east side, where
Wadi Sherefa el Sharqi falls no less than one hundred metres in
the first two kilometres of its course. A feeder which enters Wadi
Sherefa el Sharqi from the south about two kilometres below the pass
is said to lead by another pass to a well called =Bir Bint el Dreb=,
situated at the head of =Wadi Dreb=, a tributary of Wadi Feqoh. For
the first seven kilometres of its east-south-easterly course below
the pass, Sherefa el Sharqi is shut in by very high hills, from
which numerous feeders join it; it then divides just before reaching
the great white granite hills called Eir Arib, part of its drainage
going southward to join Kwat Hewah, and part continuing its course on
the north side of the granite hills to join Diqdib near the granite
cones of Tibashoi and thence turning northwards over a large sandy
plain to enter Wadi Shab.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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