=Gebel Hadarba= is a little range of felsite hills with many peaks rising from the coast-plain close to Ras Hadarba (Cape Elba of the Admiralty Charts). A triangulation beacon on one of the highest points is in latitude 22° 2′ 53″, longitude 36° 47′ 23″, at an altitude of 217 metres above sea. Gebel Hadarba is drained by a number of small wadis, most of which empty themselves into the quicksands of Kuatianai which cover the projection of Cape Elba. A high hill at the south-west end of the Hadarba range bears the special name of =Wiekorei=, while a tract of low red hills on the Sudan frontier a few kilometres south of the Hadarba range, is called =Timaiakwaia=; this latter tract is chiefly drained by the Wadi Qabatit. * * * * * [Footnote 106: The exception is El Shayeb, in latitude 26° 58′, which attains a height of 2,184 metres. _See_ BARRON and HUME, Topog. and Geology of the Eastern Desert of Egypt (Central Portion). Cairo, 1902. p. 40.] [Footnote 107: Each of the last three vowels is pronounced separately, so that the word has four syllables, with the accent on the penultimate.] [Footnote 108: The position of this cairn is latitude 23° 57′ 46″, longitude 35° 12′ 10″.] [Footnote 109: The position of the cairn is latitude 24° 4′ 41″, longitude 35° 15′ 34″.] [Footnote 110: By measurement with the theodolite I found the average slopes of the mountain to be 35°, and many parts have double this inclination. The vertical angle from my camp to the summit was over 23°.] [Footnote 111: The word _Elba_ (Bishari) means “white mountain.” The designation “Gebel” is thus strictly speaking superfluous, but is convenient as the Bishari tongue is so little known.] [Footnote 112: Prof. Schweinfurth informs me that the tree is the dragon’s-blood tree, _Dracaena ombet_ v. _Heuglin_; he himself did not see it in the Elba neighbourhood, and its occurrence has not hitherto been recorded further north than the Erkowit district of the Sudan (latitude about 19°), where the native name for the tree is _to-omba_ or _t’ombet_. See _Bollettino della Società Africana d’Italia_: Naples, 1891.] CHAPTER VII. * * * * * =WATER SUPPLIES.[113]= * * * * * The sources of water in South-Eastern Egypt, as in the Egyptian deserts generally, may be divided into three main classes:— (1) Springs; (2) Wells; (3) Rock basins. =Springs.=