The geography and geology of south-eastern EgyptBall, John
Science
The geography and geology of south-eastern Egypt
Ball, John
Geology -- Egypt; Physical geography -- Egypt
After passing Gebel el Anbat, Wadi Kharit continues its course a
little south of west, in broad shallow drainage channels over a great
sandy plain. In this part of its course it receives many important
feeders from the mountain masses which limit the plain to the
north. The principal of these feeders are the =Wadis Anbat=, =Abarun=,
=Um Daba=, =Abu Argub=, =Safihat=, =Um Sellim=, and =Medsus=. Near
where Wadi Medsus enters, Wadi Kharit takes a more southerly course,
passing north of a mass of low dark hills called Gebel Geneina,
and here it receives =Wadi Abu Gurdi=, draining the west slopes of
the mountain of the same name, the ill-defined Wadi Elemikan (_see_
p. 84), draining the extensive plain south of Gebel Abu Gurdi, and
the =Rod el Geneina=, draining from the hills of Geneina. A little
further on, curving to the north-west, it receives =Wadi Abu Hashim=
and =Wadi Abu Selili=, which drain the south flanks of Gebel Kahfa.
The next feeder is the =Wadi Helie=, which drains the west slopes
of Gebel Kahfa and enters Kharit from the north-east; a well, =Bir
Helie=, exists in this wadi about eight kilometres above its junction
with Kharit. The well appears to be of the same character as Bir Abu
Hamamid; it was yielding plenty of good water in the spring of 1906,
but in the autumn of the same year the supply was said to be smaller
and rather salty.
About ten kilometres below the point of influx of Wadi Helie, Wadi
Kharit receives Wadi Abu Hamamid (_see_ p. 85), coming from the
north-east, and some fourteen kilometres further on another tributary,
the =Rod el Kharuf=, enters from the opposite side conveying the
drainage from the north-west flanks of Gebel Zergat Naam.
In the remaining portion of its course to the Nile, Wadi Kharit
receives numerous other tributaries, of which the principal are Wadi
Khashab and Wadi Antar on the north, and the Wadi Garara on the south
(_see_ pp. 86 and 87).
On the whole, Wadi Kharit is poor in vegetation; trees are fairly
abundant in the central portion of its course, but both near its
head and near the river it is very barren. In consequence of its
sandy and arid character near the Nile, it is not usual for caravans
to journey along the wadi from its mouth; Arabs from Daraw usually
go up the tortuous and sandy Wadi Allawi, and thence enter Kharit
either by the Rod Abu Modellim or by a track among hills which leads
eastward to =Bir Qoleib=. Bir Qoleib is a good well in a small
tributary of Wadi Kharit, about seventy kilometres by road from
the Daraw. From Bir Qoleib to the wells of Abu Hamamid and Helie
the westward journey is about 110 kilometres, while from Bir Qoleib
to the well of Abu Hashim, south-east (on the road to Abu Saafa),
is a distance of about seventy-five kilometres.
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