2. _Caulopteris antiqua_, Newberry.--This is a flattened stem, on a slab of limestone, containing Brachiopods, Trilobites, &c., of the Corniferous limestone. It is about eighteen inches in length, and three and a half inches in average breadth. The exposed side shows about twenty-two large leaf-scars arranged spirally. Each leaf, where broken off, has left a rough fracture; and above this is a semicircular impression of the petiole against the stem, which, as well as the surface of the bases of the petioles, is longitudinally striated or tuberculated. The structures are not preserved, but merely the outer epidermis, as a coaly film. The stem altogether much resembles _Caulopteris Peachii_, but is of larger size. It differs from _C. Lockwoodi_ in the more elongated leaf-bases, and in the leaves being more remotely placed; but it is evidently of the same general character with that species. 3. _Caulopteris_ (_Protopteris_) _peregrina_, Newberry.--This is a much more interesting species than the last, as belonging to a generic or subgeneric form not hitherto recognised below the Carboniferous, and having its minute structure in part preserved. The specimens are, like the last, on slabs of marine limestone of the Corniferous formation, and flattened. One represents an upper portion of the stem with leaf-scars and remains of petioles; another a lower portion, with aërial roots. The upper part is three inches in diameter, and about a foot in length, and shows thirty leaf-scars which are about three-fourths of an inch wide, and rather less in depth. The upper part presents a distinct rounded and sometimes double marginal line, sometimes with a slight depression in the middle. The lower part is irregular, and when most perfect shows seven slender vascular bundles, passing obliquely downward into the stem. The more perfect leaf-bases have the structure preserved, and show a delicate, thin-walled, oval parenchyma, while the vascular bundles show scalariform vessels with short bars in several rows, in the manner of many modern ferns. Some of the scars show traces of the hippocrepian mark characteristic of _Protopteris_; and the arrangement of the vascular bundles at the base of the scars is the same as in that genus, as are also the general form and arrangement of the scars. On careful examination, the species is indeed very near to the typical _P. Sternbergii_, as figured by Corda and Schimper.[BJ] [BJ] Corda, "Beiträge," Pl. 48, copied by Schimper, Pl. 52. The genus _Protopteris_ of Sternberg, though the original species (_P. punctata_) appears as a _Lepidodendron_ in his earlier plate (Plate 4), and as a _Sigillaria_ (_S. punctata_) in Brongniart's great work, is a true tree-fern; and the structure of one species (_P. Cottai_) has been beautifully figured by Corda. The species hitherto described are from the Carboniferous and Permian.