The Geological Story of the Isle of WightHughes, J. Cecil (John Cecil)
Science
The Geological Story of the Isle of Wight
Hughes, J. Cecil (John Cecil)
Geology -- England -- Isle of Wight; Geology, Stratigraphic -- Tertiary; Paleontology -- England -- Isle of Wight
At the close of the period the land here sank beneath the sea--again a
sea of coral islands like the South Pacific of to-day. There were many
oscillations of level, or changes of currents; and bands of clay, when
mud from the land was laid down, alternate with beds of limestone
formed in the clearer coral seas. These strata form a period known as
the Jurassic, from the large development of the rocks in the Jura
mountains. In England the period includes the Liassic and Oolitic
epochs. The Liassic strata stretch across England from Lyme Regis in
Dorset to Whitby in Yorkshire. Most of the strata we are describing
run across England from south-west to north-east. After they were laid
down a movement of elevation, connected with the movement which raised
the Alps in Europe, took place along the lines of the Welsh and Scotch
mountains and the chain of Scandinavia, which raised the various
strata, and left them dipping to the south-east. Worn down by
denudation the edges are now exposed in lines running south-west to
north-east, while the strata dip south-east under the edges of the
more recent strata. The Lias is noted for its ammonites, and
especially for its great marine reptiles, Ichthyosaurus and
Plesiosaurus. The Oolitic Epoch follows--a long period during which
the fine limestone, the Bath freestone, was made; the limestones of
the Cotswolds, beds of clay known as the Oxford and Kimmeridge clays;
and again coral reefs left the rock known as coral rag. In the later
part of the period were formed the Portland and Purbeck beds, marine
and freshwater limestones, which contain also an old land surface,
which has left silicified trunks of trees and stems of cycads.
And now following on these came our Wealden strata, the beginning of
the Cretaceous period. You see what ages and ages had gone before, and
that when Wealden times came, far back as they are, the world's
history was comparatively approaching modern times. We must remember
that all these formations, of which we have given a rapid sketch, are
of great thickness,--thousands of feet of rock,--and represent vast
ages of time. See what we have got to from looking at the shells in
the sea cliff! We have come to learn something of the world's old
history. We have been carried back through ages that pass our
imagination to the world's beginning, to the time of the molten globe,
before ever it was cool enough to allow life--we know not how--to
begin upon its surface. And Astronomy will take us back into an even
more distant past, and show us a nebulous mist of vast extent
stretching out into space like the nebulae observed in the heavens
to-day, before sun and planets and moons were yet formed. So we are
carried into the infinite of time and space, and questions arise
beyond the power of human mind to solve.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account