World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations -- Submarine
On the 15th April, 1915, the Dutch steamer _Katwijk_, while on voyage
from Baltimore to Rotterdam, was torpedoed by a German submarine. She
carried a cargo of grain for the Dutch Government, and was lying at
anchor 7 miles west of the North Hinder at the time of the outrage. A
fire broke out soon after the explosion of the torpedo, and the vessel
sank in 20 minutes. There were no casualties.
On the 19th April, our Minister at the Hague sent the following
message to the British Foreign Office: "Minister for Foreign Affairs
told French Minister to-day that German Foreign Office admitted to
Netherlands Minister at Berlin that it was a German submarine which
sank the _Katwijk_, and added that it was an unfortunate accident."
On the 20th April the German Government informed the Netherlands
Minister that they would make enquiries, and, if proved that it was a
German submarine, they would express their regret and indemnify the
Netherlands Government for their loss. On the very same day, 20th
April, the following was included in the German official wireless news:
"The special Rotterdam correspondent of the _Deutsche Tageszeitung_
reports that the description of the boat which torpedoed the _Katwijk_,
and the behaviour of the crew, lead one to believe that the vessel was
of English nationality." On the 10th May our Minister at the Hague
communicated this message to the British Foreign Office: "Netherlands
Minister for Foreign Affairs tells me that he has just heard from
Berlin that German Government acknowledge that _Katwijk_ was torpedoed
by a German submarine. German Government fully apologise for the
mistake and promise an ample indemnity."
It seems probable that the German Government had a shrewd suspicion
that it was one of their own submarines which sank the _Katwijk_, even
as early as the 19th April. However, this did not prevent them from
sending out broadcast in their official wireless news on the 20th a
strong suggestion that a British submarine was responsible--a little
illustration of German official methods.
The American oil-tank steamer _Gulflight_ was torpedoed without warning
off the Scilly Islands at 12.50 p.m. on the 2nd May, 1915. One seaman
and the wireless operator were drowned, while the master died soon
afterwards from shock. The remaining 35 members of the crew were
saved. The submarine remained on the surface for three minutes after
discharging the first torpedo; then submerged, and 25 minutes later
struck the vessel with a second torpedo.
On the 25th May, 1915, the American steamer _Nebraskan_ was 50 miles
W.S.W. from the Fastnet Rock. The sea was smooth and the weather calm,
but at about 9 p.m. she was torpedoed without warning by a German
submarine. The crew took to their boats and, after standing by the ship
for an hour, returned on board, and at 10.30 started for Liverpool.
At about 1.25 a.m. they met with two vessels sent by the British
Admiralty in answer to a wireless call, and Liverpool was reached in
safety.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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