The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.Mooney, James
Religion
The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.
Mooney, James
Dakota Indians -- Wars, 1890-1891; Ghost dance
The Washo, Pit River, Bannock, and other tribes adjoining the Paiute
on the north and west hold the doctrine substantially as taught by the
messiah himself. We have but little light in regard to the belief as
held by the Walapai, Cohonino, Mohave, and Navaho to the southward,
beyond the general fact that the resurrection and return of the dead
formed the principal tenet. As these tribes received their knowledge of
the new religion directly from Paiute apostles, it is quite probable
that they made but few changes in or additions to the original gospel.
A witness of the dance among the Walapai in 1891 obtained from the
leaders of the ceremony about the same statement of doctrine already
mentioned as held by the Paiute, from whom also the Walapai had adopted
many of the songs and ceremonial words used in connection with the
dance. They were then expecting the Indian redeemer to appear on earth
some time within three or four years. They were particularly anxious
to have it understood that their intentions were not hostile toward
the whites and that they desired to live in peace with them until the
redeemer came, but that then they would be unable to prevent their
destruction even if they wished. (_J. F. L., 3._)
The manner of the final change and the destruction of the whites
has been variously interpreted as the doctrine was carried from its
original center. East of the mountains it is commonly held that a deep
sleep will come on the believers, during which the great catastrophe
will be accomplished, and the faithful will awake to immortality on a
new earth. The Shoshoni of Wyoming say this sleep will continue four
days and nights, and that on the morning of the fifth day all will
open their eyes in a new world where both races will dwell together
forever. The Cheyenne, Arapaho, Kiowa, and others, of Oklahoma, say
that the new earth, with all the resurrected dead from the beginning,
and with the buffalo, the elk, and other game upon it, will come from
the west and slide over the surface of the present earth, as the right
hand might slide over the left. As it approaches, the Indians will be
carried upward and alight on it by the aid of the sacred dance feathers
which they wear in their hair and which will act as wings to bear them
up. They will then become unconscious for four days, and on waking out
of their trance will find themselves with their former friends in the
midst of all the oldtime surroundings. By Sitting Bull, the Arapaho
apostle, it is thought that this new earth as it advances will be
preceded by a wall of fire which will drive the whites across the water
to their original and proper country, while the Indians will be enabled
by means of the sacred feathers to surmount the flames and reach the
promised land. When the expulsion of the whites has been accomplished,
the fire will be extinguished by a rain continuing twelve days. By a
few it is believed that a hurricane with thunder and lightning will
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account