The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.Mooney, James
Religion
The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.
Mooney, James
Dakota Indians -- Wars, 1890-1891; Ghost dance
rifles and prepared for the war. The reader will not be surprised
to learn that an earthquake had produced all this; but he will be,
doubtless, that it should happen on the very day on which Tecumthé
arrived at Detroit, and in exact fulfillment of his threat. It was
the famous earthquake of New Madrid on the Mississippi. (_McKenney
and Hall, 1._)
The fire thus kindled among the Creek by Tecumtha was fanned into a
blaze by the British and Spanish traders until the opening of the war
of 1812 gave the opportunity for the terrible outbreak known in history
as the Creek war.
While Tecumtha was absent in the south, affairs were rapidly
approaching a crisis on the Wabash. The border settlers demanded the
removal of the prophet’s followers, stating in their memorial to the
President that they were “fully convinced that the formation of this
combination headed by the Shawano prophet was a British scheme, and
that the agents of that power were constantly exciting the Indians
to hostility against the United States.” Governor Harrison now
sent messages to the different tribes earnestly warning them of the
consequences of a hostile outbreak, but about the same time the prophet
himself announced that he had now taken up the tomahawk against the
United States, and would only lay it down with his life, unless the
wrongs of the Indians were redressed. It was known also that he was
arousing his followers to a feverish pitch of excitement by the daily
practice of mystic rites.
[Illustration: +Fig. 59+—Harrison treaty pipe.]
Harrison now determined to break up the prophet’s camp. Accordingly,
at the head of about 900 men, including about 250 regulars, he marched
from Vincennes, and on the 5th of November, 1811, encamped within a
few miles of the prophet’s town. The Indians had fortified the place
with great care and labor. It was sacred to them as the spot where the
rites of the new religion had been so long enacted, and by these rites
they believed it had been rendered impregnable to the attacks of the
white man. The next day he approached still nearer, and was met by
messengers from the town, who stated that the prophet was anxious to
avoid hostilities and had already sent a pacific message by several
chiefs, who had unfortunately gone down on the other side of the river
and thus had failed to find the general. A truce was accordingly agreed
on until the next day, when terms of peace were to be arranged between
the governor and the chiefs. The army encamped on a spot pointed out
by the Indians, an elevated piece of ground rising out of a marshy
prairie, within a mile of the town. Although Harrison did not believe
that the Indians would make a night attack, yet as a precaution he had
the troops sleep on their arms in order of battle.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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