The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.Mooney, James
Religion
The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.
Mooney, James
Dakota Indians -- Wars, 1890-1891; Ghost dance
The Crows on the hilltop showed a sullen and threatening front,
and the troops advanced slowly toward them, and then halted for a
parley. Meanwhile a mass of black thunder clouds gathering on the
horizon threatened one of those cloudbursts of extreme severity and
suddenness so characteristic of the plains country. While still
trying to make arrangements for a parley, a horseman started out of
the Crow ranks and galloped headlong down toward the troops. It was
the medicine chief Sword-bearer. He was painted and in his battle
dress, wearing his war bonnet of floating, trailing eagle feathers,
and with the plumes of the same bird braided in the mane and tail
of his fiery little horse. On he came at a gallop almost up to the
troops, and then began to circle around them, calling and singing,
and throwing his red sword into the air, catching it by the hilt
as it fell. Twice he rode completely around the troops, who stood
in uncertainty, not knowing what to make of his performance, and
expressly forbidden to shoot at him. Then, paying no further heed
to them, he rode back toward the Crows. It appears that he had
told the latter that he would ride twice around the hostile force,
and by his incantations would call down rain from heaven, which
would make the hearts of the white men like water, so that they
would go back to their homes. Sure enough, while the arrangements
for the parley were still going forward, down came the cloudburst,
drenching the command, and making the ground on the hills in front
nearly impassable; and before it dried a courier arrived with
orders to the troops to go back to camp.
This fulfillment of Sword-bearer’s prophecy of course raised his
reputation to the zenith, and the young men of the tribe prepared
for war, while the older chiefs, who more fully realized the power
of the whites, still hung back. When the troops next appeared, they
came upon the entire Crow force, the women and children with their
tepees being off to one side beyond a little stream, while almost
all the warriors of the tribe were gathered in front. Sword-bearer
started to repeat his former ride, to the intense irritation of the
soldiers. Luckily, however, this time some of his young men could
not be restrained. They, too, began to ride near the troops, and
one of them was unable to refrain from firing on Captain Edwards’s
troop, which was in the van. This gave the soldiers their chance.
They instantly responded with a volley, and Edwards’s troop
charged. The fight lasted only a minute or two, for Sword-bearer
was struck by a bullet and fell; and as he had boasted himself
invulnerable and promised that his warriors should be invulnerable
also if they would follow him, the hearts of the latter became as
water, and they broke in every direction. (_Roosevelt, 1._)
+Chapter VI+
THE SMOHALLA RELIGION OF THE COLUMBIA REGION
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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