The Glands Regulating Personality: A Study of the Glands of Internal Secretion in Relation to the Types of Human NatureBerman, Louis
History
The Glands Regulating Personality: A Study of the Glands of Internal Secretion in Relation to the Types of Human Nature
Berman, Louis
Endocrinology; Personality
The physique, character and reactions of Lieut. B. are what interest
us in the case. The pictures of him published, and the structure of
his skull, face and teeth, his hair and other physical traits point to
his being an adrenal-centered type, of the unstable variety, so far as
his internal secretion make-up is concerned. As we shall see in the
next chapter on the different kinds of endocrine personalities,
the unstable adrenocentric (convenient name for the class) is
characterized by rapid exhaustibility because under conditions of
stress and strain, the reserve of the gland is consumed. The adrenal
glands, we noted in a preceding chapter, are concerned with the
maintenance of muscle and nerve tone in emergencies. They are the
glands which, during crises especially, control the production and
supply of energy to the various organs and tissues called upon to
function to the utmost in emergencies. When the adrenals fail, as they
do readily in these labile adrenocentrics, it is as if the adrenals
were cut out of the body. And it has been repeatedly shown that
extirpation of the adrenals is immediately followed by degeneration
and breakdown of the brain cells.
These facts explain the reactions of Lieut. B. The acute call upon his
adrenals made by his dangerous situation probably soon exhausted them
of their content of reserve secretions. Overwhelming fatigue with loss
of muscle tone followed. The changes in the brain caused him to talk
as he did in the wilderness. Returned to safety, the news that his
reputation was under fire because of C.'s letter brought out another
adrenal characteristic: the excessive instinct of pugnacity, easily
stimulated, with its emotion of anger and the tendency to violence.
What is spoken of as a quick temper is an adrenocentric trait.
Returned to New York, an infection, tonsillitis, attacked him.
Infections in adrenocentrics use up the content of the adrenals as
rapidly as physical exhaustion or emotion. So the tonsillitis, which
in another type of individual would have been combatted continuously
by the adrenals and so passed by as a mere sore throat, presented him
with a high temperature, and the brain disturbance described by the
medical officer as exhaustion-psychosis, with again a tendency to
violence. In short, the history of his adventure is the history of his
adrenals under stress and strain. It illustrates the mechanism of a
typical endocrine neurosis.
THE UNCONSCIOUS AND THE VISCERA
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