Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
Codex Fejérváry-Mayer.—Sheet 37: Here Mictlantecutli is placed opposite
the Death-goddess. He has the usual insignia, but wears black garments,
decorated with eyes and crossbones. His seat is made of ribs and a
piece of skull, and he holds a dragon in both hands. Between him and
his mate a man sinks into the yawning jaws of the earth, and above it
is a dish with a stone sacrificial knife.
Codex Vaticanus B.—Sheet 21: He has the usual skeleton head, but in the
arms and legs the bony structure is merely indicated by a yellow colour
and a black design. He is clothed with a jacket of green malinalli
blades and wears in his ear a strip of unspun cotton. He has as
back-device a pot, in which three flags are stuck. Sheet 34: In this
sheet he is represented much as in Codex Borgia, sheet 15. Sheet 58:
Here he is pictured as a black god, with a skull for head and seated on
a chair made of blood, bones, and malinalli grass. He has the
nape-shield and the flag inclining forward, and a nose like a
sacrificial stone knife.
Codex Magliabecchiano.—Mictlantecutli is represented more than once in
this codex, importantly on pages 73 and 79. In the first instance he is
depicted with blue-grey body and enormous claws on hands and feet, the
head plastered with the yellow patches and bloodstains he frequently
shows. The head is that of a skull, with protruding yellow nasal-bone,
but the ground-colour is blue, not bone-colour. He wears the
“night-hair” occasionally associated with him, and his coiffure is
decorated with small, black, festal bannerets, interspersed with what
appear to be stellar eye-motifs. His maxtli appears to consist of a
rope or twisted piece of cotton, and he wears wristlets and anklets of
bright red cotton. The necklace is reminiscent of that worn by several
of the Maya deities. He sits in the portal of a temple, and before him
squat a number of men and women, regaling themselves on human flesh
from several earthen vessels containing a head, a leg, and an arm. The
second picture exhibits the penance done before him. In this place he
is painted brown, with the same enormous talons, the death’s-head face,
“night-hair” and bannerets (yellow), without, however, the
accompaniment of the stellar eye-ornaments. These, however, appear to
be reproduced upon the wrists, knees, and one ankle, and, perhaps, make
this phase of the god a parallel to the Greek Argus, the “eye-spotted”
night. On the breast depends an ornament which is not sufficiently
clear to justify its description. On page 82 the god is depicted as
wearing a garment covered with crosses, and on page 88 as standing on
the skull-altar (see Tezcatlipocâ). His wavy hair is surrounded by a
red and yellow cotton fillet, and he is being anointed by a priest from
a vessel of blood, whilst other priests stand before him with pots full
of blood and human hearts. He wears a curious blue necklace almost of
the “masonry” type seen in Egyptian, Greek, and Asiatic deific
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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