Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
[107] The Centzonuitznaua appear to be the same as the Tzitzimimê, whom
Tezozomoc calls the “gods of the air who bring the rains, floods,
thunderclaps, and thunders and lightnings and had to be placed round
Uitzilopochtli” in order to complete the construction of the great
teocalli of Mexico. These “gods of the signs and planets,” in other
words the stars, were regarded as demons of darkness, thinks Seler,
“only because during a solar eclipse the stars became visible in the
day sky.” I think it much more probable that they were looked upon as
demons of darkness because they peopled the darkness every night.
“These,” says the interpreter of the Codex Telleriano-Remensis, “are
the sons of Citlalicue.” Now, Citlalicue means “Starry-skirt,” and I
think that here we are not very far from Coatlicue, “Serpent-skirt.” We
know, too, that Citlalicue, like Coatlicue, was connected with the
cipactli, the earth-beast, and with Chicomecoatl (“Seven Serpents”).
The later fusion of Citlalicue with her husband Citlaltonac or
Tonacatecutli, lord of the heavenly vault, as has been shown in the
remarks on these gods, would give her stellar attributes; hence the
seeming discrepancy between her and Coatlicue.
[108] Appendix to bk. ii.
[109] Hist. de los Indios de la Nueva España, tom. ii, p. 240.
[110] See Rendel Harris, The Ascent of Olympus, passim. In his Ascent
of Olympus Dr. Rendel Harris has shown that the sacred oak of Zeus was
regarded as “the animistic repository of the thunder, and in that sense
the dwelling-place of Zeus ... that the woodpecker who nested in it ...
was none other than Zeus himself, and it may turn out that Athena, who
sprang from the head of the thunder-oak, was the owl that lived in one
of its hollows” (p. 57).
In the same way, it may be that the maguey plant may have been regarded
by the Mexicans as a repository of thunder and the heavenly fire.
Octli, its sap, was connected with fire (see octli gods, “Nature and
Status”), and Uitzilopochtli was the humming-bird who dwelt among its
leaves. He springs from his mother’s body fully armed, as does Athena
from the head of Zeus. A similar train of thought appears to be present
in both ideas.
[111] Manuel de Ministros, p. 35.
[112] Commentary on Codex Vaticanus B, p. 91.
[113] Maguey is an Antillean word imported into Mexico by the
Spaniards, but the use of a post-Columbian word does not exclude the
possibility of a synonymous pre-Columbian form.
[114] Manuel de Ministros, p. 37.
[115] Myths of the New World, pp. 129 ff.
[116] Hist. Nat. Ind., c. ix, bk. v (English translation from Purchas
his Pilgrimes).
[117] Obviously an error for tlachialoni.
[118] More probably like a jaguar, one of the forms of the god.
[119] See précis in chapter on Cosmogony.
[120] The Morelosia huañita of the family Styraciñes.
[121] Inga circinalis.
[122] Paper hand.
[123] Face of the temple.
[124] Young brother.
[125] Hist. Gen., bk. i. c. iii.
[126] Hist. Nat. y Moral, c. ix.
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