Patagonia, 2; description of, 5; engineer sent to, by Argentine Government, 7; thousand miles of gold vein on coast of, 15; nomads of, 151 _et seq._; desert east of Andes, 152; Jesuits plant apples in, 152; Spanish colonies attempted, 152; Mr. Coan and Mr. Arms in, 154; condition of, in 1865, 169; grant of land in, to Welsh, 169; Welsh pilgrims land at New Gulf, 169 _et seq._; winter season in, 170; dreary surroundings of Welsh colonists in, 170 _et seq._; gypsum and alkali, 171; Welsh colonists make homes, 172; "Big Feet," 173 (_see_ Tehuelches); transportation difficult, 179; railway constructed, 179; new towns, 179; railway prospered, 180; railway building not expensive, 181; zoology of, 183; natives of, consume fat like Eskimos, 194; panther an esteemed article of diet in, 194; home of panthers and 'possums, 196; interesting characteristics of zoology of, 200; resembles desert regions of United States, 200; varieties of animals found in, 194-200; desert animals of, able to live without water, 200; birds of, 201 _et seq._; birds interesting to sportsmen, 206 _et seq._; birds interesting to naturalists, 208 _et seq._; thirteen Arctic varieties of birds migrate to, 210; birds of north, migrate farther south, 210; silence of desert, 212; sheep raising successful in, 216; stories of successful ranchmen in, 216; well watered, 219; description of a ranch in, 222; ranchmen of, 226; extent of prairie and desert region in, 228; description of prairies and deserts, 232; wild horses of the plains of, 236; tramps in, 250; trackless deserts of, 250; hospitality in ranches of, 256; astonishing number of tramps in, 259; natives of, prefer _mate_ to all else, 272; Santa Cruz the planned metropolis of, 278; Gallegos the capital of, 279; settlements small, but slow healthy growth, in, 287; healthful region, 287; most valuable product of native industry, 293; squaws make guanaco skin robes, 294; weave guanaco hair into blankets, 294; scenery along coast of, 297; fascination of the desert, 297 Penguins, numerous, 75; rapid movements of, 141; fly through water, 209; not eaten by Patagonians, 209; eagerly pursued by Cape Horn Indians, 209 Phillips, Mr. Garland, catechist, 85, 86 Philomena, Dona, boarding-house keeper in Gallegos, 284 Picton Island, missionaries landed at Banner Cove in, 82; story of failure to establish mission on, 82 _et seq._; death of missionaries, 84; relief ship arrives at, 84 Pigeons, Cape Horn, species of gull, 141; description of, 208 _et seq._ Placer gold diggings on Patagonian coast, 3; gold found in all the streams of Tierra del Fuego, 22; gold mines along coast south of Gallegos, 283 Plate River, 228, 261, 290 _Poco Tiempo_, land of Spanish-American nations, 279 Point Hope, in Alaska, 67