The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
At Eisenach on the Fourth Sunday in Lent young people used to fasten a
straw-man, representing Death, to a wheel, which they trundled to the top
of a hill. Then setting fire to the figure they allowed it and the wheel
to roll downhill. Next they cut a tall fir-tree, tricked it out with
ribbons, and set it up in the plain. The men then climbed the tree to
fetch down the ribbons.(871) In Upper Lusatia the figure of Death, made of
straw and rags, is dressed in a veil furnished by the last bride and a
shirt furnished by the house in which the last death occurred. Thus
arrayed the figure is stuck on the end of a long pole and carried at full
speed by the tallest and strongest girl, while the rest pelt the effigy
with sticks and stones. Whoever hits it will be sure to live through the
year. In this way Death is carried out of the village and thrown into the
water or over the boundary of the next village. On their way home each one
breaks a green branch and carries it gaily with him till he reaches the
village, when he throws it away. Sometimes the young people of the next
village, upon whose land the figure has been thrown, run after them and
hurl it back, not wishing to have Death among them. Hence the two parties
occasionally come to blows.(872)
In these cases Death is represented by the puppet which is thrown away,
Summer or Life by the branches or trees which are brought back. But
sometimes a new potency of life seems to be attributed to the image of
Death itself, and by a kind of resurrection it becomes the instrument of
the general revival. Thus in some parts of Lusatia women alone are
concerned in carrying out Death, and suffer no male to meddle with it.
Attired in mourning, which they wear the whole day, they make a puppet of
straw, clothe it in a white shirt, and give it a broom in one hand and a
scythe in the other. Singing songs and pursued by urchins throwing stones,
they carry the puppet to the village boundary, where they tear it in
pieces. Then they cut down a fine tree, hang the shirt on it, and carry it
home singing.(873) On the Feast of Ascension the Saxons of a village near
Hermanstadt (Transylvania) observe the ceremony of “carrying out Death” in
the following manner. After forenoon church all the school-girls repair to
the house of one of their number, and there dress up the Death. This is
done by tying a threshed-out corn-sheaf into the rough semblance of a head
and body, while the arms are simulated by a broomstick stuck horizontally.
The figure is dressed in the Sunday clothes of a village matron. It is
then displayed at the window that all people may see it on their way to
afternoon church. As soon as vespers are over the girls seize the effigy
and, singing a hymn, carry it in procession round the village. Boys are
excluded from the procession. After the procession has traversed the
village from end to end, the figure is taken to another house and stripped
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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