The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
The outline of his myth is as follows.(965) Osiris was the son of the
earth-god Qeb (or Seb, as the name is sometimes transliterated).(966)
Reigning as a king on earth, he reclaimed the Egyptians from savagery,
gave them laws, and taught them to worship the gods. Before his time the
Egyptians had been cannibals. But Isis, the sister and wife of Osiris,
discovered wheat and barley growing wild, and Osiris introduced the
cultivation of these grains amongst his people, who forthwith abandoned
cannibalism and took kindly to a corn diet.(967) Afterwards Osiris
travelled over the world diffusing the blessings of civilisation wherever
he went. But on his return his brother Set (whom the Greeks called
Typhon), with seventy-two others, plotted against him, and having
inveigled him into a beautifully decorated coffer, they nailed it down on
him, soldered it fast with molten lead, and flung it into the Nile. It
floated down to the sea. This happened on the 17th day of the month Athyr.
Isis put on mourning, and wandered disconsolately up and down seeking the
body, till at last she found it at Byblus, on the Syrian coast, whither it
had drifted with the waves. An _erica_ tree had shot up and enfolded the
coffer within its stem, and the King of Byblus, admiring the fine growth
of the tree, had caused it to be cut down and converted into a pillar of
his palace. From him Isis obtained leave to open the trunk of the tree,
and having taken out the coffer, she carried it away with her. But she
left it to visit her son Horus at Butus in the Delta, and Typhon found the
coffer as he was hunting a boar by the light of a full moon.(968) He
recognised the body of Osiris, rent it into fourteen pieces, and scattered
them abroad. Isis sailed up and down the marshes in a papyrus boat seeking
the fragments, and as she found each she buried it. Hence many graves of
Osiris were shown in Egypt. Others said that Isis left an effigy of Osiris
in every city, pretending it was his body, in order that Osiris might be
worshipped in many places, and to prevent Typhon from discovering the real
corpse. Afterwards her son Horus fought against Typhon, conquered him, and
bound him fast. But Isis, to whom he had been delivered, loosed his bonds
and let him go. This angered Horus, and he pulled the crown from his
mother’s head; but Hermes replaced it with a helmet made in the shape of a
cow’s head. Typhon was subsequently defeated in two other battles. The
rest of the myth included the dismemberment of Horus and the beheading of
Isis.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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