Parthian monarchs worshipped as deities, i. 49 Patagonians, burning of loose hair by the, i. 205 Pawnees, human sacrifices by the, at sowing, i. 381, 382 Payaguas, method of fighting the wind by the, i. 28 Pear-tree, the protector of cattle, i. 73 Pelew Islanders, god of the, i. 39, 40; custom at tree-felling by the, i. 62, 63; ceremony on the killing of a man by the, i. 178 Pembrokeshire, Twelfth Day custom in, ii. 143 Pepper Coast, high priest held responsible for the general welfare, i. 47 Permanent incarnation, i. 37-42 Persian kings not seen eating, i. 162 Peru, rain-charm in, i. 17; charm for staying the sun in, i. 24; preservation of the representative corn-spirit by the ancient Peruvians, i. 350, 351; expulsion of devils in, ii. 203; self-beating in, ii. 216. _See also under_ Incas. Philippine Islands, belief in the souls of trees in the, i. 62; cannibalism in the, ii. 88 Philosophy, primitive, defect of, i. 210-212; rules of life of sacred men are the outcome of, _ib._ Phoenician custom at vintage, i. 365; Linus song, i. 398, 399 Phrygia, mock human sacrifices in, i. 300; reapers’ song in, i. 365, 366 Piedmont, midsummer peasant custom in, i. 288 Pig, the corn-spirit as a, ii. 26-31; sacred, ii. 50-57; Osiris as a, ii. 52-60 Pigs, Demeter and Proserpine as, ii. 44-49; Attis and Adonis as, ii. 49, 50 Pilsen, Whitsuntide custom near, i. 92 Pine-tree sacred to Dionysus, i. 321 Pinsk, Whit Monday customs by Russian girls in, i. 87, 88 Plas, Whitsuntide custom in the neighbourhood of, i. 92 Po, excavations in the valley of the, i. 57 Poachers and the fir-cones, ii. 288 Point Barrow, hunting the evil spirit by the Eskimo of, ii. 164, 165 Poitou, midsummer fire festival in, ii. 261 Poland, ceremony of carrying out Death in, i. 261; harvest custom in, i. 339, 340, 342, 343; Christmas custom in, ii. 6, 7 Polynesians, superstition held by the, concerning the head, i. 189, 190; and sacred contagion, ii. 55 Pomerania, cut hair buried in, i. 205; reaping custom in, i. 205 Pomos of California, expulsions of devils by the, ii. 183 Pongol festival, ii. 73 Pont à Mousson, harvest ceremony at, ii. 21 Poplar, burning of a, on St. Peter’s Day, i. 101 Portrait, the soul in the, i. 148, 149 Portraits, life in, i. 148 Potato-dog, ii. 4 —— wolf, ii. 2, 5 Potatoes, custom at the digging of new, in Sutherlandshire, ii. 71 Potniae, rites of Dionysus at, i. 329 Pouilly, harvest ceremony at, ii. 20, 21, 47 Preacher to the fish, ii. 119, 120 Pregnancy, i. 239 Priestly kings, i. 7, 8 Priests, Roman and Sabine, not shaved with iron razors, i. 172 Primitive man and the supernatural, i. 6-30 —— philosophy, rules of life are the outcome of, i. 208-210 Prophesying, drinking blood before, i. 34, 35 Propitiation of the fish, ii. 118, 119 Proserpine and the pig, ii. 44-49