The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 01 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 01 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
easily be taken for Castor and Pollux in person. If there is any truth
in this conjecture, we should conclude that the divine brothers were
never seen in broad day, but only at dusk or in the darkness of night.
Now their most famous appearance was at the battle of Lake Regillus,
as to which we are expressly told that it was late in the evening of a
summer day before the fighting was over.[188] Such statements should
not be lightly dismissed as late inventions of a rhetorical historian.
The memories of great battles linger long among the peasantry of the
neighbourhood.
[Sidenote: The divinity of kings in early society.]
But when we have said that the ancient kings were commonly priests
also, we are far from having exhausted the religious aspect of their
office. In those days the divinity that hedges a king was no empty form
of speech, but the expression of a sober belief. Kings were revered,
in many cases not merely as priests, that is, as intercessors between
man and god, but as themselves gods, able to bestow upon their subjects
and worshippers those blessings which are commonly supposed to be
beyond the reach of mortals, and are sought, if at all, only by prayer
and sacrifice {p51} offered to superhuman and invisible beings. Thus
kings are often expected to give rain and sunshine in due season, to
make the crops grow, and so on. Strange as this expectation appears
to us, it is quite of a piece with early modes of thought. A savage
hardly conceives the distinction commonly drawn by more advanced
peoples between the natural and the supernatural. To him the world is
to a great extent worked by supernatural agents, that is, by personal
beings acting on impulses and motives like his own, liable like him to
be moved by appeals to their pity, their hopes, and their fears. In a
world so conceived he sees no limit to his power of influencing the
course of nature to his own advantage. Prayers, promises, or threats
may secure him fine weather and an abundant crop from the gods; and
if a god should happen, as he sometimes believes, to become incarnate
in his own person, then he need appeal to no higher being; he, the
savage, possesses in himself all the powers necessary to further his
own well-being and that of his fellow-men.
[Sidenote: Sympathetic magic.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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