The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 02 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 02 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
[Sidenote: Female kinship among the Etruscans.] Another European, though
apparently not Aryan, people among whom the system of female kinship
appears to have prevailed were the Etruscans. For in Etruscan sepulchral
inscriptions the name of the mother of the deceased is regularly
recorded along with or even without the name of the father; and where
the names of both father and mother are mentioned, greater prominence is
given to the mother’s name by writing it in full, whereas the father’s
name is, in accordance with Roman usage, merely indicated by an
initial.[937] The statement of Theopompus that among the Etruscans
sexual communism was a recognised practice, and that paternity was
unknown,[938] may be only an exaggerated way of saying that they traced
their descent through their mothers and not through their fathers. Yet
apparently in Etruria, as elsewhere, this system of relationship was
combined with a real indifference to fatherhood and with the dissolute
morals which that indifference implies; for Etruscan girls were wont to
earn a dowry by prostitution.[939] In these customs the Etruscans
resembled the Lydians, and the similarity confirms the common opinion of
antiquity, which modern historians have too lightly set aside, that the
Etruscans were of Lydian origin.[940] However that may be, in
considering the vestiges of mother-kin among the Latins, we shall do
well to bear in mind that the same archaic mode of tracing descent
appears to have prevailed among the neighbouring Etruscans, who not only
exercised a powerful influence on Rome, but gave her two, if not three,
of her kings.[941]
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