83 A. Dalzel, _History of Dahomy_ (London, 1793), pp. 12 _sq._, 156 _sq._ 84 Father Baudin, “Le Fétichisme ou la religion des Nègres de la Guinée,” _Missions Catholiques_, xvi. (1884) p. 215. 85 Missionary Holley, “Étude sur les Egbas,” _Missions Catholiques_, xiii. (1881) pp. 351 _sq._ Here Oyo is probably the same as Eyeo mentioned above. 86 Simon Grunau, _Preussische Chronik_, herausgegeben von Dr. M. Perlbach (Leipsic, 1876), i. p. 97. M28 Voluntary deaths by fire. Peregrinus at Olympia. Buddhist monks in China. 87 Lucian, _De morte Peregrini_. That Lucian’s account of the mountebank’s death is not a fancy picture is proved by the evidence of Tertullian, _Ad martyres_, 4, “_Peregrinus qui non olim se rogo immisit._” 88 D. S. Macgowan, M.D., “Self-immolation by Fire in China,” _The Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal_, xix. (1888) pp. 445-451, 508-521. 89 E. W. Nelson, “The Eskimo about Bering Strait,” _Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology_, Part I. (Washington, 1899), pp. 320, 433 _sq._ M29 Religious suicides in Russia. Belief in the approaching end of the world. 90 Revelation xx. 1-3. 91 Revelation xiii. 18. M30 Epidemic of suicide. Suicide by starvation. Suicide by fire. 92 Ivan Stchoukine, _Le Suicide collectif dans le Raskol russe_ (Paris, 1903), pp. 45-53, 61-78, 84-87, 96-99, 102-112. The mania in its most extreme form died away towards the end of the seventeenth century, but during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries cases of collective suicide from religious motives occurred from time to time, people burning themselves in families or in batches of thirty or forty. The last of these suicides by fire took place in 1860, when fifteen persons thus perished in the Government of Olonetz. Twenty-four others buried themselves alive near Tiraspol in the winter of 1896-97. See I. Stchoukine, _op. cit._ pp. 114-126. M31 A Jewish Messiah. 93 Voltaire, _Essai sur les Mœurs_, iii. 142-145 (_Œuvres complètes de Voltaire_, xiii. Paris, 1878). M32 Kings put to death after a fixed term. Suicide of the kings of Quilacare at the end of a reign of twelve years. 94 Duarte Barbosa, _A Description of the Coasts of East Africa and Malabar in the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century_ (Hakluyt Society, London, 1866), pp. 172 _sq._ M33 Custom of the kings of Calicut. 95 L. di Varthema, _Travels_, translated by J. W. Jones and edited by G. P. Badger (Hakluyt Society, London, 1863), p. 134. In a note the Editor says that the name Zamorin (Samorin) according to some “is a corruption of _Tamuri_, the name of the most exalted family of the Nair caste.”