The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 05 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 05 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
403 P. Gardner, _Catalogue of Greek Coins, the Seleucid Kings of Syria_
(London, 1878), pp. 72, 78, 89, 112, pl. xxi. 6, xxiv. 3, xxviii. 8;
G. F. Hill, _Catalogue of the Greek Coins of Lycaonia, Isauria, and
Cilicia_ (London, 1900), pp. 180, 181, 183, 190, 221, 224, 225, pl.
xxxiii. 2, 3, xxxiv. 10, xxxvii. 9; F. Imhoof-Blumer, “Coin-types of
some Kilikian Cities,” _Journal of Hellenic Studies_, xviii. (1898)
p. 169, pl. xiii. 1, 2. The structure represented on the coins is
sometimes called not the pyre but the monument of Sandan or
Sardanapalus. Certainly the cone resting on the square base reminds
us of the similar structure on the coins of Byblus as well as of the
conical image of Aphrodite at Paphos (see above, pp. 14, 34); but
the words of Dio Chrysostom make it probable that the design on the
coins of Tarsus represents the pyre. At the same time, the burning
of the god may well have been sculptured on a permanent monument of
stone. The legend ΟΡΤΥΓΟΘΗΡΑ, literally “quail-hunt,” which appears
on some coins of Tarsus (G. F. Hill, _op. cit._ pp. lxxxvi. _sq._),
may refer to a custom of catching quails and burning them on the
pyre. We have seen (above, pp. 111 _sq._) that quails were
apparently burnt in sacrifice at Byblus. This explanation of the
legend on the coins of Tarsus was suggested by Raoul-Rochette (_op.
cit._ pp. 201-205). However, Mr. G. F. Hill writes to me that “the
interpretation of Ὀρτυγοθήρα as anything but a personal name is
rendered very unlikely by the analogy of all the other inscriptions
on coins of the same class.” Doves were burnt on a pyre in honour of
Adonis (below, p. 147). Similarly birds were burnt on a pyre in
honour of Laphrian Artemis at Patrae (Pausanias, vii. 18. 12).
404 Herodian, iv. 2.
405 See Franz Cumont, “L’Aigle funéraire des Syriens et l’Apothéose des
Empereurs,” _Revue de l’Histoire des Religions_, lxii, (1910) pp.
119-163.
M96 Sandan of Tarsus an Asiatic god with the symbols of the lion and the
double axe.
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