446 J. Theodore Bent, “Explorations in Cilicia Tracheia,” _Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society_, N.S. xii. (1890) pp. 445, 450-453; _id._, “A Journal in Cilicia Tracheia,” _Journal of Hellenic Studies_, xii. (1891) pp. 208, 210-212, 217-219; R. Heberdey und A. Wilhelm, “Reisen in Kilikien,” _Denkschriften der kaiser. Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosoph.-historische Classe_, xliv. (Vienna, 1896) No. vi. pp. 49, 70; D. G. Hogarth and J. A. R. Munro, “Modern and Ancient Roads in Eastern Asia Minor,” _Royal Geographical Society, Supplementary Papers_, vol. iii. part 5 (London, 1893), pp. 653 _sq._ As to the Cilician pirates see Strabo, xiv. 5. 2, pp. 668 _sq._; Plutarch, _Pompeius_, 24; Appian, _Bellum Mithridat._ 92 _sq._; Dio Cassius, xxxvi. 20-24 [3-6], ed. L. Dindorf; Cicero, _De imperio Cn. Pompeii_, 11 _sq._; Th. Mommsen, _Roman History_ (London, 1868), iii. 68-70, iv. 40-45, 118-120. As to the crests carved on their towns see J. T. Bent, “Cilician Symbols,” _Classical Review_, iv. (1890) pp. 321 _sq._ Among these crests are a club (the badge of Olba), a bunch of grapes, the caps of the Dioscuri, the three-legged symbol, and so on. As to the cedars and ship-building timber of Cilicia in antiquity see Theophrastus, _Historia Plantarum_, iii. 2. 6, iv. 5. 5. The cedars and firs have now retreated to the higher slopes of the Taurus. Great destruction is wrought in the forests by the roving Yuruks with their flocks; for they light their fires under the trees, tap the firs for turpentine, bark the cedars for their huts and bee-hives, and lay bare whole tracts of country that the grass may grow for their sheep and goats. See J. T. Bent, in _Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society_, N.S. xii. (1890) pp. 453-458. M112 The site and ruins of Olba. The temple of Olbian Zeus. 447 D. G. Hogarth, _A Wandering Scholar in the Levant_ (London, 1896), pp. 57 _sq._