598 W. Mariner, _Account of the Natives of the Tonga Islands_, Second Edition (London, 1818), ii. 112 _sq._ 599 Sangermano, _Description of the Burmese Empire_ (Rangoon, 1885), p. 130. 600 P. A. Kleintitschen, _Die Küstenbewohner der Gazellehalbinsel_ (Hiltrup bei Münster, N.D.), p. 336. 601 A. Pinart, “Les Indiens de l’État de Panama,” _Revue d’Ethnographie_, vi. (1887) p. 119. 602 E. J. Payne, _History of the New World called America_, i. (Oxford, 1892) p. 469. 603 A. B. Ellis, _The Tshi-speaking Peoples of the Gold Coast_ (London, 1887), pp. 35 _sq._ M150 Religious and moral effects of earthquakes. 604 J. Jackson, in J. E. Erskine’s _Journal of a Cruise among the Islands of the Western Pacific_ (London, 1853), p. 473. My friend, the late Mr. Lorimer Fison, wrote to me (December 15, 1906) that the name of the Fijian earthquake god is Maui, not A Dage, as Jackson says. Mr. Fison adds, “I have seen Fijians stamping and smiting the ground and yelling at the top of their voices in order to rouse him.” 605 J. T. Nieuwenhuisen en H. C. B. von Rosenberg, “Verslag omtrent het eiland Nias,” _Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen_, xxx. (Batavia, 1863) p. 118; Th. C. Rappard, “Het eiland Nias en zijne bewoners,” _Bijdragen tot de Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië_, lxii. (1909) p. 582. In Soerakarta, a district of Java, when an earthquake takes place the people lie flat on their stomachs on the ground, and lick it with their tongues so long as the earthquake lasts. This they do in order that they may not lose their teeth prematurely. See J. W. Winter, “Beknopte Beschrijving van het hof Soerokarta in 1824,” _Bijdragen tot de Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië_, liv. (1902) p. 85. The connexion of ideas in this custom is not clear. M151 The god of the sea and of the earthquake naturally conceived as one. 606 On this question see C. Neumann und J. Partsch, _Physikalische Geographie von Griechenland_ (Breslau, 1885), pp. 332-336. As to the frequency of earthquakes in Achaia and Asia Minor see Seneca, _Epist._ xiv. 3. 9; and as to Achaia in particular see C. Neumann und J. Partsch, _op. cit._ pp. 324-326. On the coast of Achaia there was a chain of sanctuaries of Poseidon (L. Preller, _Griechische Mythologie_, i.4 575). 607 See Sir Ch. Lyell, _Principles of Geology_,12 ii. 147 _sqq._; J. Milne, _Earthquakes_ (London, 1886), pp. 165 _sqq._ 608 See, for example, Thucydides, iii. 89. 609 Strabo, viii. 7. 1 _sq._, pp. 384 _sq._; Diodorus Siculus, xv. 49; Aelian, _Nat. Anim._ xi. 19; Pausanias, vii. 24. 5 _sq._ and 12, vii. 25. 1 and 4.