The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 05 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 05 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
consists of a stem with two pairs of protuberances, perhaps leaves or
branches, one above the other, the whole being surmounted, like the emblem
of the god, by an oval with a cross-bar. Under the outstretched arms of
the two deities appear the front parts of two animals, which have been
usually interpreted as bulls but are rather goats; each of them wears on
its head the high conical Hittite cap, and its body is concealed by that
of the deity. Immediately behind the goddess marches a smaller and
apparently youthful male figure, standing like her upon a lioness or
panther. He is beardless and wears the Hittite dress of high pointed cap,
short tunic, and shoes with turned-up toes. A crescent-hilted sword is
girt at his side; in his left hand he holds a double-headed axe, and in
his right a staff topped by an armless doll with the symbol of the
cross-barred oval instead of a head. Behind him follow two women, or
rather perhaps goddesses, resembling the goddess at the head of the
procession, but with different emblems and standing not on a lioness but
on a single two-headed eagle with outspread wings.
(M99) The entrance to the smaller chamber is guarded on either side by the
figure of a winged monster carved on the rock; the bodies of both figures
are human, but one of them has the head of a dog, the other the head of a
lion. In the inner sanctuary, to which this monster-guarded passage leads,
the walls are also carved in relief. On one side we see a procession of
twelve men in Hittite costume marching with curved swords in their right
hands. On the opposite wall is a colossal erect figure of a deity with a
human head and a body curiously composed of four lions, two above and two
below, the latter standing on their heads. The god wears the high conical
Hittite hat: his face is youthful and beardless like that of the male
figure standing on the lioness in the large chamber; and the ear turned to
the spectator is pierced with a ring. From the knees downwards the legs,
curiously enough, are replaced by a device which has been interpreted as
the tapering point of a great dagger or dirk with a midrib. To the right
of this deity a square panel cut in the face of the rock exhibits a group
of two figures in relief. The larger of the two figures closely resembles
the youth on the lioness in the outer sanctuary. His chin is beardless; he
wears the same high pointed cap, the same short tunic, the same turned-up
shoes, the same crescent-hilted sword, and he carries a similar armless
doll in his right hand. But his left arm encircles the neck of the smaller
figure, whom he seems to clasp to his side in an attitude of protection.
The smaller figure thus embraced by the god is clearly a priest or
priestly king. His face is beardless; he wears a skull-cap and a long
mantle reaching to his feet with a sort of chasuble thrown over it. The
crescent-shaped hilt of a sword projects from under his mantle. The wrist
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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