_Sol invictus_, i. 304 _n._ 1 _Solanum campylanthum_, ii. 47 Solomon, King, puts Adoni-jah to death, i. 51 _n._ 2 ——, the Baths of, i. 78; in Moab, 215 _sq._ Solstice, the summer, the Nile rises at the, ii. 31 _n._ 1, 33 ——, the winter, reckoned the Nativity of the Sun, i. 303; Egyptian ceremony at, ii. 50 Somali, marriage custom of the, ii. 246, 247 Son of a god, i. 51 Sons of God, i. 78 _sqq._ Sophocles on the burning of Hercules, i. 111 Sorcerers or priests, order of effeminate, ii. 253 _sqq._ Sorrowful One, the vaults of the, ii. 41 Sothic or Siriac period, ii. 36 Sothis, Egyptian name for the star Sirius, ii. 34. _See_ Sirius Soul of a tree in a bird, ii. 111 _n._ 1; of the rice in the first sheaf cut, 239 “—— of Osiris,” a bird, ii. 110 —— -cakes eaten at the feast of All Souls in Europe, ii. 70, 71 _sq._, 73, 78 _sqq._ “Souling,” custom of, on All Souls’ Day in England, ii. 79 “—— Day” in Shropshire, ii. 78 Souls of the dead, reincarnation of the, i. 91 _sqq._; brought back among the Gonds, 95 _sq._ ——, feasts of All, ii. 51 _sqq._ South Slavs, devices of women to obtain offspring, i. 96; marriage customs of, ii. 246 Sowers and ploughmen drenched with water as a rain-charm, i. 238 _sq._ Sowing, Prussian custom at, i. 238 _sq._; rites of, ii. 40 _sqq._ —— and ploughing, ceremony of, in the rites of Osiris, ii. 87, 90, 96; and planting, regulated by the phases of the moon, 133 _sqq._ Sozomenus, church historian, on sacred prostitution, i. 37 Spain, bathing on St. John’s Eve in, i. 248 Sparta destroyed by an earthquake, i. 196 _n._ 4 Spartans, their attempt to stop an earthquake, i. 196 —— their flute-band, i. 196 —— their uniform red, i. 196 —— at Thermopylae, i. 197 _n._ 1 —— their regard for the full moon, ii. 141 —— their brides dressed as men on the wedding night, ii. 260 Spencer, Baldwin, on reincarnation of the dead, i. 100 _n._ 3 Spencer, B., and Gillen, F. J., on Australian belief in conception without sexual intercourse, i. 99 Spermus, king of Lydia, i. 183 Spieth, J., on the Ewe peoples, i. 70 _n._ 2 Spirit animals supposed to enter women and be born from them, i. 97 _sq._ —— -children left by ancestors, i. 100 _sq._ Spirits supposed to consort with women, i. 91; of ancestors in the form of animals, 83; of forefathers thought to dwell in rivers, ii. 38 —— of dead chiefs worshipped by the whole tribe, ii. 175, 176, 177, 179, 181 _sq._, 187; thought to control the rain, 188; prophesy through living men and women, 192 _sq._; reincarnated in animals, 193. _See also_ Ancestral spirits Spring called Persephone, ii. 41 Springs, worship of hot, i. 206 _sqq._; bathing in, at Midsummer, 246, 247, 248, 249 Staffordshire, All Souls’ Day in, ii. 79 Standard, Egyptian, resembling a placenta, ii. 156 _n._ 1 Stanikas, male children of sacred prostitutes, i. 63 Star of Bethlehem, i. 259 —— of Salvation, i. 258