The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 07 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 07 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
275 Aristotle, _Constitution of Athens_, 54, where the quadriennial
(penteteric) festival of the Eleusinian Games is mentioned along
with the quadriennial festivals of the Panathenaica, the Delia, the
Brauronia, and the Heraclea. The biennial (trieteric) festival of
the Eleusinian Games is mentioned only in the inscription of 329
B.C. (Dittenberger, _Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum_,2 No. 587,
lines 259 _sq._). As to the identity of the Great Eleusinian Games
with the quadriennial games see Dittenberger, _Sylloge Inscriptionum
Graecarum_, No. 246 note 9, No. 587 note 171.
276 As to the Plataean games see Plutarch, _Aristides_, 21; Pausanias,
ix. 2. 6.
277 Strabo, vii. 7. 6, p. 325; Suetonius, _Augustus_, 18; Dio Cassius,
li. 1; Daremberg et Saglio, _Dictionnaire des Antiquités Grecques et
Romaines_, _s.v._ “Actia.”
278 Pausanias, viii. 9. 8.
279 Scholiast on Pindar, _Pyth._, Argument, p. 298, ed. Aug. Boeckh;
Censorinus, _De die natali_, xviii. 6. According to the scholiast on
Pindar (_l.c._) the change from the octennial to the quadriennial
period was occasioned by the nymphs of Parnassus bringing ripe
fruits in their hands to Apollo, after he had slain the dragon at
Delphi.
280 Scholiast on Pindar, _Olymp._ iii. 35 (20), p. 98, ed. Aug. Boeckh.
Compare Boeckh’s commentary on Pindar (vol. iii. p. 138 of his
edition); L. Ideler, _Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen
Chronologie_, i. 366 _sq._, ii. 605 _sqq._
281 See _The Dying God_, chapter ii. § 4, “Octennial Tenure of the
Kingship,” especially pp. 68 _sq._, 80, 89 _sq._
282 Geminus, _Elementa Astronomiae_, viii. 25 _sqq._, pp. 110 _sqq._,
ed. C. Manitius (Leipsic, 1898); Censorinus, _De die natali_, xviii.
2-6.
283 Geminus, _l.c._
284 Geminus, _Elementa Astronomiae_, viii. 36-41.
285 Censorinus, _De die natali_, xviii. 5. As Eudoxus flourished in the
fourth century B.C., some sixty or seventy years after Meton, who
introduced the nineteen years’ cycle to remedy the defects of the
octennial cycle, the claim of Eudoxus to have instituted the latter
cycle may at once be put out of court. The claim of Cleostratus, who
seems to have lived in the sixth or fifth century B.C., cannot be
dismissed so summarily; but for the reasons given in the text he can
hardly have done more than suggest corrections or improvements of
the ancient octennial cycle.
286 Geminus, _Elementa Astronomiae_, viii. 27. With far less probability
Censorinus (_De die natali_, xviii. 2-4) supposes that the octennial
cycle was produced by the successive duplication of biennial and
quadriennial cycles. See below, pp. 86 _sq._
287 L. Ideler, _Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen
Chronologie_, ii. 605.
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