302 Augustine, _De civitate Dei_, vii. 20. “_In Cereris autem sacris praedicantur illa Eleusinia, quae apud Athenienses nobilissima fuerunt. De quibus iste [Varro] nihil interpretatur, nisi quod attinet ad frumentum, quod Ceres invenit, et ad Proserpinam, quam rapiente Orco perdidit. Et hanc ipsam dicit significare foecunditatem seminum.... Dicit deinde multa in mysteriis ejus tradi, quae nisi ad frugum inventionem non pertineant._” M65 The close resemblance between the artistic types of Demeter and Persephone militates against the theory that the two goddesses personified two things so different as the earth and the corn. 303 A. Baumeister, _Denkmäler des classischen Altertums_, i. 577 _sq._; Drexler, _s.v._ "Gaia," in W. H. Roscher’s _Lexikon der griech. und röm. Mythologie_, i. 1574 _sqq._; L. R. Farnell, _The Cults of the Greek States_, iii. (Oxford, 1907) p. 27. 304 Pausanias, vii. 21. 11. At Athens there was a sanctuary of Earth the Nursing-Mother and of Green Demeter (Pausanias, i. 22. 3), but we do not know how the goddesses were represented. 305 L. R. Farnell, _The Cults of the Greek States_, iii. 256 with plate xxi. b. 306 The distinction between Demeter (Ceres) and the Earth Goddess is clearly marked by Ovid, _Fasti_, iv. 673 _sq._: “_Officium commune Ceres et Terra tuentur;_ _ Haec praebet causam frugibus, illa locum._” 307 Dittenberger, _Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum_,2 Nos. 20, 408, 411, 587, 646, 647, 652, 720, 789. Compare the expression διώνυμοι θέαι applied to them by Euripides, _Phoenissae_, 683, with the Scholiast’s note. 308 The substantial identity of Demeter and Persephone has been recognised by some modern scholars, though their interpretations of the myth do not altogether agree with the one adopted in the text. See F. G. Welcker, _Griechische Götterlehre_ (Göttingen, 1857-1862), ii. 532; L. Preller, in Pauly’s _Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft_, vi. 106 _sq._; F. Lenormant, in Daremberg et Saglio, _Dictionnaire des Antiquités Grecques et Romaines_, i. 2. pp. 1047 _sqq._ M66 As goddesses of the corn Demeter and Persephone came to be associated with the ideas of death and resurrection. _ 309 Homeric Hymn to Demeter_, 480 _sqq._; Pindar, quoted by Clement of Alexandria, _Strom._ iii. 3. 17, p. 518, ed. Potter; Sophocles, quoted by Plutarch, _De audiendis poetis_, 4; Isocrates, _Panegyricus_, 6; Cicero, _De legibus_, ii. 14. 36; Aristides, _Eleusin._ vol. i. p. 421, ed. G. Dindorf.