The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 08 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 08 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
(M235) Notwithstanding such beliefs, the custom of annually killing the
wren has prevailed widely both in this country and in France. In the Isle
of Man down to the eighteenth century the custom was observed on Christmas
Eve or rather Christmas morning. On the twenty-fourth of December, towards
evening, all the servants got a holiday; they did not go to bed all night,
but rambled about till the bells rang in all the churches at midnight.
When prayers were over, they went to hunt the wren, and having found one
of these birds they killed it and fastened it to the top of a long pole
with its wings extended. Thus they carried it in procession to every house
chanting the following rhyme:—
“_We hunted the wren for Robin the Bobbin,_
_We hunted the wren for Jack of the Can,_
_We hunted the wren for Robin the Bobbin,_
_We hunted the wren for every one._”
When they had gone from house to house and collected all the money they
could, they laid the wren on a bier and carried it in procession to the
parish churchyard, where they made a grave and buried it “with the utmost
solemnity, singing dirges over her in the Manks language, which they call
her knell; after which Christmas begins.” The burial over, the company
outside the churchyard formed a circle and danced to music. About the
middle of the nineteenth century the burial of the wren took place in the
Isle of Man on St. Stephen’s Day (the twenty-sixth of December). Boys went
from door to door with a wren suspended by the legs in the centre of two
hoops, which crossed each other at right angles and were decorated with
evergreens and ribbons. The bearers sang certain lines in which reference
was made to boiling and eating the bird. If at the close of the song they
received a small coin, they gave in return a feather of the wren; so that
before the end of the day the bird often hung almost featherless. The wren
was then buried, no longer in the churchyard, but on the sea-shore or in
some waste place. The feathers distributed were preserved with religious
care, it being believed that every feather was an effectual preservative
from shipwreck for a year, and a fisherman would have been thought very
foolhardy who had not one of them.(944) Even to the present time, in the
twentieth century, the custom is generally observed, at least in name, on
St. Stephen’s Day, throughout the Isle of Man.(945)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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