hardens, and resembles a glass-ring, which whoever finds (as some old women and children are persuaded) shall prosper in all his undertakings. The rings thus generated, are called _Gleineu Nadroeth_; in English, Snake-stones. They are small glass amulets, commonly about half as wide as our finger-rings, but much thicker, of a green colour usually, though sometimes blue, and waved with red and white.” M15 Medicinal plants, water, etc., not allowed to touch the earth. 41 Pliny, _Naturalis Historia_, xxiv. 12 and 68, xxv. 171. 42 Marcellus, _De medicamentis_, ed. G. Helmreich (Leipsic, 1889), preface, p. i.: “_Nec solum veteres medicinae artis auctores Latino dumtaxat sermone perscriptos ... lectione scrutatus sum, sed etiam ab agrestibus et plebeis remedia fortuita atque simplicia, quae experimentis probaverant didici._” As to Marcellus and his work, see Jacob Grimm, “Ueber Marcellus Burdigalensis,” _Abhandlungen der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaft zu Berlin_, 1847, pp. 429-460; _id._, “Ueber die Marcellischen Formeln,” _ibid._, 1855, pp. 50-68. 43 Marcellus, _De medicamentis_, i. 68. 44 Marcellus, _op. cit._ i. 76. 45 Marcellus, _op. cit._ xxviii. 28 and 71, xxix. 35. 46 Marcellus, _op. cit._ xxix. 51. 47 Edward Westermarck, “Midsummer Customs in Morocco,” _Folk-lore_, xvi. (1905) pp. 32 _sq._; _id._, _Ceremonies and Beliefs connected with Agriculture, certain Dates of the Solar Year, and the Weather in Morocco_ (Helsingfors, 1913), pp. 75 _sq._ 48 E. Westermarck, “Midsummer Customs in Morocco,” _Folk-lore_, xvi. (1905) p. 35; _id._, _Ceremonies and Beliefs connected with Agriculture, certain Dates of the Solar Year, and the Weather in Morocco_ (Helsingfors, 1913), pp. 88 _sq._ 49 Matthäus Prätorius, _Deliciae Prussicae_, herausgegeben von Dr. W. Pierson (Berlin, 1871), p. 54. M16 Sacred persons not allowed to see the sun. 50 H. H. Bancroft, _Native Races of the Pacific States_ (London, 1875-1876), ii. 142; Brasseur de Bourbourg, _Histoire des Nations civilisées du Mexique et de l’Amérique Centrale_ (Paris, 1857-1859), iii. 29. 51 Kaempfer, “History of Japan,” in J. Pinkerton’s _Voyages and Travels_, vii. 717; Caron, “Account of Japan,” _ibid._ vii. 613; B. Varenius, _Descriptio regni Japoniae et Siam_ (Cambridge, 1673), p. 11: “_Radiis solis caput nunquam illustrabatur: in apertum aërem non procedebat._” 52 A. de Herrera, _General History of the vast Continent and Islands of America_, trans. by Capt. John Stevens (London, 1725-1726), v. 88. 53 H. Ternaux-Compans, _Essai sur l’ancien Cundinamarca_ (Paris, N.D.), p. 56; Theodor Waitz, _Anthropologie der Naturvölker_, iv. (Leipsic, 1864) p. 359.