The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 10 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 10 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
(M83) In the older or poetic _Edda_ the tragic tale of Balder is hinted at
rather than told at length. Among the visions which the Norse Sibyl sees
and describes in the weird prophecy known as the _Voluspa_ is one of the
fatal mistletoe. “I behold,” says she, “Fate looming for Balder, Woden’s
son, the bloody victim. There stands the Mistletoe slender and delicate,
blooming high above the ground. Out of this shoot, so slender to look on,
there shall grow a harmful fateful shaft. Hod shall shoot it, but Frigga
in Fen-hall shall weep over the woe of Wal-hall.”(257) Yet looking far
into the future the Sibyl sees a brighter vision of a new heaven and a new
earth, where the fields unsown shall yield their increase and all sorrows
shall be healed; then Balder will come back to dwell in Odin’s mansions of
bliss, in a hall brighter than the sun, shingled with gold, where the
righteous shall live in joy for ever more.(258)
(M84) Writing about the end of the twelfth century, the old Danish
historian Saxo Grammaticus tells the story of Balder in a form which
professes to be historical. According to him, Balder and Hother were rival
suitors for the hand of Nanna, daughter of Gewar, King of Norway. Now
Balder was a demigod and common steel could not wound his sacred body. The
two rivals encountered each other in a terrific battle, and though Odin
and Thor and the rest of the gods fought for Balder, yet was he defeated
and fled away, and Hother married the princess. Nevertheless Balder took
heart of grace and again met Hother in a stricken field. But he fared even
worse than before; for Hother dealt him a deadly wound with a magic sword,
which he had received from Miming, the Satyr of the woods; and after
lingering three days in pain Balder died of his hurt and was buried with
royal honours in a barrow.(259)
(M85) Whether he was a real or merely a mythical personage, Balder was
worshipped in Norway. On one of the bays of the beautiful Sogne Fiord,
which penetrates far into the depths of the solemn Norwegian mountains,
with their sombre pine-forests and their lofty cascades dissolving into
spray before they reach the dark water of the fiord far below, Balder had
a great sanctuary. It was called Balder’s Grove. A palisade enclosed the
hallowed ground, and within it stood a spacious temple with the images of
many gods, but none of them was worshipped with such devotion as Balder.
So great was the awe with which the heathen regarded the place that no man
might harm another there, nor steal his cattle, nor defile himself with
women. But women cared for the images of the gods in the temple; they
warmed them at the fire, anointed them with oil, and dried them with
cloths.(260)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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