Aunis, wonderful herbs gathered on St. John’s Eve in, ii. 45; St. John’s wort in, 55; vervain gathered at Midsummer in, 62 _n._ 4; four-leaved clover at Midsummer in, 63 —— and Saintonge, Midsummer fires in, i. 192 Aurora, in the New Hebrides, _tamaniu_ in, ii. 198 Australia, dread and seclusion of women at menstruation in, i. 76 _sqq._; passing under an arch as a rite of initiation in, ii. 193 _n._ 1; initiation of young men in, 227, 233 _sqq._; use of bull-roarers in, 228 _n._ 2 ——, Central, pointing sticks or bones in, i. 14 _n._ 3; its desert nature, ii. 230 _n._ 2 ——, South-Eastern, sex totems among the natives of, ii. 214 _sqq._ Australian languages, words for fire and wood in, ii. 296 Austria, Midsummer fires in, i. 172 _sqq._; the Yule log among the Servians of, 262 _sqq._; need-fire in Upper, 279; fern-seed at Midsummer in, ii. 65; mistletoe used to prevent nightmare in, 85 Autumn fires, i. 220 _sqq._ Auvergne, Lenten fires in, i. 111 _sq._; story of a were-wolf in, 308 _sq._ _Ave Maria_ bell, ii. 47 Avernus, Lake, and the Golden Bough, ii. 285 _n._ 2 Awa-nkonde, seclusion of girls at puberty among the, i. 28 “Awasungu, the house of the,” i. 28 Awka in South Nigeria, i. 4 Azemmur, in Morocco, Midsummer fires at, i. 214 Azores, bonfires and divination on Midsummer Eve in the, i. 208 _sq._; fern-seed at Midsummer in the, ii. 66 Aztecs, their punishment of witches and wizards, ii. 159 Baal and Beltane, i. 149 _n._ 1, 150 _n._ 1, 157 Babine Lake in British Columbia, i. 47 Backache at reaping, leaps over the Midsummer bonfire thought to be a preventive of, i. 165, 168, 189, 344 _sq._; set down to witchcraft, 343 _n._, 345; at harvest, mugwort a protection against, ii. 59; creeping through a holed stone to prevent backache at harvest, 189 _Badache_, double-axe, Midsummer King of the, i. 194 Badagas of the Neilgherry Hills, their fire-walk, ii. 8 _sq._ Baden, Lenten fire-custom in, i. 117; Easter bonfires in, 145; Midsummer fires in, 167 _sqq._ Badham Court oak, in Gloucestershire, ii. 316 _Badnyak_, Yule log, i. 259, 263 _Badnyi Dan_, Christmas Eve, i. 258, 263 Bag, souls of persons deposited in a, ii. 142, 153, 155 Baganda, children live apart from their parents among the, i. 23 _n._ 2; seclusion of girls at puberty among the, 23 _sq._; superstition as to women who do not menstruate, 24; abstain from salt in certain cases, 27 _sq._; their dread of menstruous women, 80 _sq._; their beliefs and customs concerning the afterbirth, ii. 162. _See also_ Uganda Bahaus or Kayans of Central Borneo, i. 4 _sq._ Bahima of Central Africa, their dread of menstruous women, i. 80 Bahr-el-Ghazal province, ceremony of the new fire in the, i. 134 _sq._ Bakairi, the, of Brazil, call bull-roarers “thunder and lightning,” ii. 231 _sq._ Baking-forks, witches ride on, ii. 73, 74 Bakuba or Bushongo of the Congo, i. 4