Chota Nagpur, the fire-walk in, ii. 5 Chouquet, in Normandy, the Green Wolf at, i. 185 _Christbrand_, the Yule log, i. 248 Christenburg Crags, in Northumberland, Midsummer fires at, i. 198 Christian Church, its treatment of witches, ii. 42 _Christklotz_, the Yule log, i. 248 Christmas, an old pagan festival of the sun, i. 246, 331 _sq._; new fire made by the friction of wood at, 264; mistletoe gathered at, ii. 291 —— cake, i. 257, 259, 261 —— candle, the, i. 255, 256, 260 —— Eve, cattle acquire the gift of speech on, i. 254; trees fumigated with wild thyme on, ii. 64; the fern blooms at, 66; witches dreaded on, 73; sick children passed through cleft trees on, 172 —— night, fern-seed blooms on, ii. 289 —— pig, i. 259 —— visiter, the, i. 261 _sq._, 263, 264 Church, the Christian, its treatment of witches, ii. 42 —— bells on Midsummer Eve, custom as to ringing, ii. 47 _sq._; rung to drive away witches, 73 Churches used as places of divination at Hallowe’en, i. 229 _Churinga_, sacred sticks and stones of the Arunta, ii. 218 _n._ 3, 234 Chu-Tu-shi, a Chinese were-tiger, i. 310 _sq._ Ciotat, Midsummer rites of fire and water at, i. 194 Circumambulating fields with lighted torches, i. 233 _sq._ Circumcision, custom at, among the Washamba, ii. 183; of lads at initiation in Australia, 227 _sq._, 233, 234, 235; in New Guinea, 240 _sq._; in Fiji, 243 _sq._; in Rook, 246; custom of, on the Lower Congo, 251, 255 _n._ 1 _Clach-nathrach_, serpent stone, ii. 311 Clam shell, sacred, of the Omahas, i. 11 Clan of the Cat, ii. 150 _sq._ Clappers, used instead of church bells in Holy Week, i. 125; wooden, used in China, 137 Classificatory system of relationship, ii. 234 _n._ 1, 314 _n._ 4 Claudius, the emperor, i. 15 Clavie, the burning of the, at Burghead, i. 266 _sq._ Clay plastered on girls at puberty, i. 31; white, bodies of novices at initiation smeared with, ii. 255 _n._ 1, 259 Cleary, Bridget, burnt as a witch in Tipperary, i. 323 _sq._ ——, Michael, burns his wife as a witch, i. 323 _sq._ Clee, in Lincolnshire, the Yule log at, i. 257 —— Hills, in Shropshire, fear of witchcraft in the, i. 342 _n._ 4 Cleft stick, passage through a, in connexion with puberty and circumcision, ii. 183 _sq._ _Climacteris scandens_, women’s “sister” among the Kulin, ii. 216 Clodd, Edward, on the external soul, ii. 96 _n._ 1 Clog, the Yule, i. 247 Clonmel, trial for witch-burning at, i. 324 Clover, four-leaved, a counter-charm for witchcraft, i. 316; found at Midsummer, ii. 62 _sq._ Clue of yarn, divination by a, i. 235, 240, 241, 243 Coal, magical, that turns to gold at Midsummer, ii. 60 _sq._ Coast Murring tribe of New South Wales, the drama of resurrection exhibited to novices at initiation in the, ii. 235 _sqq._ Cobern, effigy burnt at, i. 120 Coblentz, i. 248 _Coccus Polonica_ and St. John’s blood, ii. 56