Ancestors, prayers to, i. 285, 286, 287, 345, 352, vii. 105; skulls of, in rain-charm, i. 285; sacrifices to, i. 290 _sq._, 339; souls of, in trees, ii. 29, 30, 31, 32, 317; represented by sacred fire-sticks, ii. 214, 216, 222 _sqq._; dead, regarded as mischievous beings, ii. 221; souls of, in the fire on the hearth, ii. 232; propitiation of, by rubbing their skulls, iii. 197; names of, bestowed on their reincarnations, iii. 368 _sq._; reborn in their descendants, iii. 368 _sq._; propitiation of deceased, v. 46; images of, viii. 53; offerings of first-fruits to spirits of, viii. 111, 112, 113, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123, 124, 125; worshipped as guardian spirits, viii. 121, 123; spirits of, take up their abode in their skulls or in images, viii. 123; images of, viii. 124; dead, worshipped as gods, viii. 125; fear of the spirits of, ix. 76 _sq._ Ancestral Contest at the _Haloa_, vii. 61; at the Eleusinian Games, vii. 71, 74, 77; at the Festival of the Threshing-floor, vii. 75 —— skulls used in magic, i. 163 —— spirits worshipped at the hearth, ii. 216 _sq._, 221 _sq._; cause sickness, iii. 53; sacrifices to, iii. 104, vi. 175, 178 _sq._, 180, 181 _sq._, 183 _sq._, 190; on shoulders of medicine-men, v. 74 _n._ 4; incarnate in serpents, v. 82 _sqq._, xi. 211; in the form of animals, v. 83; worshipped by the Bantu tribes of Africa, vi. 174 _sqq._; prayers to, vi. 175 _sq._, 178 _sq._, 183 _sq._; on the father’s and on the mother’s side, the two distinguished, vi. 180, 181; propitiation of, ix. 86. _See also_ Ancestors _and_ Dead —— tree, fire kindled from, ii. 221, 223 _sq._ Anchiale in Cilicia, v. 144; monument of Sardanapalus at, v. 172 Ancient deities of vegetation as animals, viii. 1 _sqq._ Ancona, sarcophagus of St. Dasius at, ii. 310 _n._ 1, ix. 310 Ancus Martius, Roman king, said to have murdered his predecessor, ii. 181 _n._ 5; his maternal descent, ii. 270 _n._ 4; his death, ii. 320 Andalusia, guisers in, ix. 173 Andaman Islanders, said to be ignorant of the art of making fire, ii. 253; perhaps first got fire from volcano, ii. 256 _n._ 2; regard their reflections as their souls, iii. 92; their ideas as to shooting stars, iv. 60; boar’s fat poured on novice at initiation among the, viii. 164 Andaman Islands, mourning custom in the, iii. 183 _n._; cat’s cradle in the, vii. 103 _n._ 1 Andania in Messenia, grove of the Great Goddesses at, ii. 122; mysteries of, iii. 227 _n._; sacred men and women at, v. 76 _n._ 3 Anderida, forest of, ii. 7 Anderson, J. D., on the winds of Assam, ix. 176 _n._ 3 Anderson, Miss, of Barskimming, ix. 169 _n._ 2, x. 171 _n._ 3 Andes, the Colombian, i. 416