Bells, carried by leaf-clad mummers, ii. 83, 84 _sq._; worn by father of twins, ii. 102; rung to drive away witches, ii. 127; hung on cattle on St. George’s Day, ii. 332; used in exorcism, iii. 102; rung to conjure spirits, iii. 120; worn as amulets, iii. 235; worn by mummers, vii. 26, 28, viii. 332, 333, ix. 242, 243, 244, 246 _sqq._, 250 _sq._; attached to hobby-horse, viii. 337 _sq._; on animal used as scapegoat, ix. 37; rung to expel demons, ix. 117, 118; rung as a protection against witches, ix. 157, 158, 159, 161, 165, 166; used in the expulsion of evils, ix. 196, 200; used at the expulsion of demons, ix. 204, 214, 246 _sq._, 251; worn by dancers, ix. 242, 243, 246 _sqq._, 250 _sq._; used to exorcize storm fiend, ix. 246; rung to make grass and flax grow, ix. 247 _sq._; golden, worn by human representatives of gods in Mexico, ix. 278, 280, 284; worn by priest in exorcism, x. 5; on priest’s legs, xi. 8 ——, church, silenced in Holy Week, x. 123, 125 _n._ 1; rung on Midsummer Eve, xi. 47 _sq._; rung to drive away witches, xi. 73 Beltana, in South Australia, first-born children destroyed among the tribes about, iv. 180 Beltane, the Celtic May Day, x. 146 _sqq._; popularly derived from Baal, x. 149 _n._ 1, 150 _n._ 1; the need-fire at, x. 293; the Yellow Day of, x. 293; sheep passed through a hoop at, xi. 184 —— cakes, x. 148 _sq._, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155 —— carline, x. 148, 153 —— Eve (the Eve of May Day), precautions against witchcraft on, ii. 53; a witching time, x. 295 —— fire, pretence of throwing a man into the, x. 148, xi. 25; kindled by the friction of oak-wood, x. 148, 155, xi. 91 —— fires in Scotland, x. 146 _sqq._; in Wales, x. 155 _sq._; in Ireland, x. 157 _sq._; in Nottinghamshire, x. 157 —— and Hallowe’en the two chief fire-festivals of the British Celts, xi. 40 _sq._ Belty, the parish of, sacred trees in, ii. 44 Ben Cruachan on Loch Awe, vii. 142 Ben-hadad, king of Damascus, v. 15 Benametapa, the king of, in East Africa, x. 135 Benares, the clod festival at, i. 279; Hindoo gentleman worshipped as a god at, i. 404; serpent in likeness of Brahman at, iv. 132 Bendall, Professor C., v. 229 _n._ 1 Beneficent powers of tree-spirits, ii. 45 _sqq._ Benefit of clergy, v. 68 Benefits conferred by magic, i. 218 _sq._ Benfey, Th., on Buddhist animism, ii. 13; on story of Pururavas and Urvasi, iv. 131