Ā'tman, _skt._, Atta, _p._, breath as the principle of life, the soul, self, the ego. To some of the old Brahman schools the ātman constitutes a metaphysical being in man, which is the thinker of his thoughts, the perceiver of his sensations, and the doer of his doings. Buddha denies the existence of an ātman in this sense. Balā'ni, or pañca-balāni, _p._ and _skt._, (the singular is bala, power), the five moral powers (also called panca-indriyani), which are: Faith, energy, memory or recollection, meditation or contemplation, and wisdom or intuition. Beluva, a village near Vesālī. Benares, the well-known city in India; Anglicised form of Vārānasī, _skt._, and Bārānasī, _p._ (See Kāsī.) Bha'gavat, _p._, Bha'gavant, _skt._, the man of merit, worshipful, the Blessed One. A title of honor given to Buddha. Bha'llika, _p._ and _skt._, a merchant. Bhāradvā'ja, _p._ and _skt._, name of a Brahman. Bhā'vanā, _p._ and _skt._, meditation. There are five principal meditations: metta-bhavana, on love; karunā-bhāvanā, on pity; mudita-bhavana, on joy; asubha-bhāvanā, on impurity; and upekhā-bhāvanā, on serenity. [See Rhys Davids's _Buddhism_, pp. 170-171.] Bhi'kkhu, _p._, bhi'kshu, _skt._, mendicant, monk, friar; the five bhikkhus; bhikkhus doffed their robes; bhikkhus rebuked; bhikkhus prospered; the sick bhikkhu. Bhi'kkhunī, _p._, bhi'kshunī, _skt._, nun. Bimbisā'ra, _p._ and _skt._, the king of Magadha; often honored with the cognomen "Sai'nya," _skt._, or "Se'niya," i. e. "the warlike or military." Bo'dhi, _p._ and _skt._, knowledge, wisdom, enlightenment. Bodhi-a'nga or Bojjha'nga, or Sa'tta Bojjha'nga, meditation on the seven kinds of wisdom, which are:--energy, recollection, contemplation, investigation of scripture, joy, repose, and serenity. Bodhisa'tta, _p._, Bodhisa'ttva, _skt._, he whose essence (_sattva_) is becoming enlightenment (_bodhi_). The term denotes (1) one who is about to become a Buddha, but has not as yet attained Nirvāna; (2) a class of saints who have only once more to be born again to enter into Nirvāna; (3) in later Buddhism any preacher or religious teacher; appearance of; Bodhisattas. Bodhi-tree, the tree at Buddha-Gaya, species _ficus religiosa_. Bra'hmā, Anglicised form of _skt._ stem-form _Brahman_ (nom. s. _Brahmā_). The chief God of Brahmanism, the world-soul. See also _Sahampati_; Brahmā, a union with; Brahmā, face to face; Brahmā's mind. Brahmada'tta, _p._ and _skt._, (etym. given by Brahmā) name of a mythical king of Kâshî, _skt._, or Kāsī. Bra'hman, the priestly caste of the Indians. Anglicised form of _Brahmana_ (_p._ and _skt._). Priests were selected from the Brahman caste, but Brahmans were not necessarily priests; they were farmers, merchants, and often high officials in the service of kings. Brahmans, the two.