23. *If I have spoken* (rather, spoke) *evil*. It is not clear whether the reference is to the words just uttered in reply to the high‐priest (verse 21), or to the general teaching of Christ. The use of the aorist here, just as in verses 20 and 21, is in favour of the latter view. We have here an example of Christ’s meekness and patience in very trying circumstances, a practical application of the words contained in Matt. v. 39. 24. Et misit eum Annas ligatum 24. And Annas sent him bound ad Caipham pontificem. to Caiphas the high‐priest. 24. “Et” is not genuine; the true reading is ἀπέστειλεν οὖν αὐτόν, “Jesus, therefore, had sent him,” &c.(114) We take it that this is added by St. John to signify that Jesus _had been_ already sent to Caiphas before the events recorded in verses 15‐23. “Misit” ought, then, to be “miserat,” a sense which the Aorist ἀπέστειλεν admits. Compare, for this sense of the aorist, John iv. 45, 46; xi. 30; xiii. 12; xix. 23. 25. Erat autem Simon Petrus 25. And Simon Peter was stans, et calefaciens se. standing, and warming himself. Dixerunt ergo ei: Numquid et They said therefore to him: tu ex discipulis eius es? Art not thou also one of his Negavit ille, et dixit: Non disciples? He denied it, and sum. said: I am not. 26. Dicit ei unus ex servis 26. One of the servants of the pontificis, cognatus eius, high‐priest (a kinsman to him cuius abscidit Petrus whose ear Peter cut off) saith auriculam: Nonne ego te vidi to him: Did I not see thee in in horto cum illo? the garden with him? 25, 26. Here we have St. John’s account of Peter’s second and third denial. See above on verse 17. We learn from St. Luke that the third denial took place about an hour after the second. 27. Iterum ergo negavit 27. Again therefore Peter Petrus: et statim gallus denied: and immediately the cantavit. cock crew. 27. From St. Mark, who, being a disciple of St. Peter, generally records more minutely the incidents connected with the Prince of the Apostles, we learn that the cock crew after St. Peter’s _first_ denial, as well as after the third. But, as we explained on xiii. 38, the second crowing, which took place after the third denial, occurred at the time ordinarily known as cockcrow, and to it St. John refers here. 28. Adducunt ergo Iesum a 28. Then they led Jesus from Caipha in praetorium. Erat Caiphas to the governor’s autem mane: et ipsi non hall. And it was morning: and introierunt in praetorium, ut they went not into the hall, non contaminarentur, sed ut that they might not be manducarent pascha. defiled, but that they might eat the pasch.