[208:6] 48-49 Vic., c. 3. The Act also extended the household qualification--both for counties and boroughs--to men who occupy a dwelling-house not as owners or tenants, but by virtue of their office or employment, provided the employer does not also occupy the house, the object of that proviso being to exclude domestic servants. This qualification is known as the "service franchise." [209:1] 48-49 Vic., c. 3, 6; and see also 2-3 Will. IV., c. 45, § 24, and 30-31 Vic., c. 102, § 59. [209:2] Rogers on Elections, I., 64-66. The references to Rogers are to the 16th Ed. of Vol. I., to the 17th Ed. of Vol. II. [209:3] The amount required for the qualification of freeholders in boroughs which are counties is not exactly the same as in counties; and the leasehold qualifications do not extend to them. In England there are now only four boroughs which retain these rights: Bristol, Exeter, Norwich, and Nottingham. Rogers on "Elections," I., 160 _et seq._ [210:1] Rent charges, whether arising from the commutation of tithes or otherwise, are realty, and qualify a voter as land. [210:2] If the land is copyhold or other tenure, it must in any case be of the yearly value of £5. [210:3] The £50 leaseholders admitted by the Chandos Clause in the Act of 1832 were required to occupy the land, and are now included in the £10 occupation franchise. [211:1] Rogers, I., 61-63, 125. [211:2] _Ibid._, 27, 66. [212:1] Rogers, I., 148-49, 162. In the City of London he may reside within twenty-five miles. [212:2] _Ibid._, 149-50. [212:3] Page 207, note 2, _supra_. [212:4] Rogers, I., 27, 30, 126 _et seq._, 142 _et seq._ [213:1] Com. Papers, 1898, LXXX., 755. [213:2] It is slightly less in Scotland than in England and Ireland. [213:3] Aug. 30. [214:1] A man cannot vote in more than one division of the same borough. 48-49 Vic., c. 23, § 8. But there is no such limitation in the case of divisions of a county. _Ibid._, § 9. Metropolitan London is not a single borough, but a collection of boroughs, several of which contain more than one division, and hence the effect of this provision is quite irrational there. [214:2] Com. Papers, 1888, LXXIX., 907. [216:1] Where the landlord compounds for the rates he is required to give to the overseers a list of the actual occupiers. Rogers, I., 130. [216:2] Rogers, I., 265, 266, 268. [216:3] An Irish peer actually sitting for a constituency in Great Britain can vote. [216:4] They adopt every year a sessional order that for a peer "to concern himself in the election of members" is "a high infringement of the liberties and privileges of the Commons." [217:1] For the duties of the Revising Barrister, see Rogers, I., 297-336. From the decision of the Revising Barrister an appeal lies on questions of law to the King's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice. CHAPTER X THE HOUSE OF COMMONS _Electoral Procedure_